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Take-all or nothing.

M Hernández-Restrepo1, J Z Groenewald2, M L Elliott3

  • 1CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.

Studies in Mycology
|August 10, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study clarifies fungal species boundaries in Gaeumannomyces graminis, the cause of take-all disease in grasses. It reclassifies varieties as distinct species and introduces new genera, revealing cryptic species and improving fungal taxonomy.

Keywords:
Cryptic speciesFalciphoriella M. Hern.-Restr. & CrousFalciphoriellasolaniterrestris M. Hern.-Restr. & CrousG. australiensis M. Hern.-Restr. & CrousG. californicus M. Hern.-Restr. & CrousG. ellisiorum M. Hern.-Restr. & CrousG. floridanus M. Hern.-Restr. & CrousG. fusiformis M. Hern.-Restr. & CrousG. glycinicola M. Hern.-Restr., G. Canning & CrousG. graminicola M. Hern.-Restr. & CrousG. hyphopodioides M. Hern.-Restr. & CrousG. oryzicola M. Hern.-Restr. & CrousG. setariicola M. Hern.-Restr. & CrousG. walkeri M. Hern.-Restr. & CrousGaeumannomycella M. Hern.-Restr. & CrousGaeumannomycellacaricis M. Hern.-Restr. & CrousGaeumannomyces avenae (E. M. Turner) M. Hern.-Restr. & CrousGaeumannomyces graminisGaeumannomyces graminis var. avenae (E. M. Turner) DennisGaeumannomyces tritici (J. Walker) M. Hern.-Restr. & CrousGaeumannomycesarxii M. Hern.-Restr. & CrousMagnaporthaceaePhylogenyTriticum

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Plant Pathology
  • Fungal Taxonomy

Background:

  • Take-all disease in Poaceae is caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis.
  • Existing classification relies on morphology and host preference, with four recognized varieties.
  • Cryptic species and unclear boundaries within Gaeumannomyces necessitate further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To clarify species and variety boundaries within the Gaeumannomyces genus.
  • To integrate morphological and multi-locus phylogenetic data for robust taxonomic revisions.
  • To introduce new genera and species where justified by molecular and morphological evidence.

Main Methods:

  • Multi-locus phylogenetic analyses using ITS, LSU, tef1, and rpb1 gene sequences.
  • Comparative morphological studies including ascospore size and hyphopodial structures.
  • Phylogenetic analyses to delimit species and establish new genera within Magnaporthaceae.

Main Results:

  • Delimitation of 19 species within Gaeumannomyces, with 12 new to science.
  • Identification of cryptic species previously overlooked.
  • Gaeumannomyces graminis var. avenae and G. graminis var. tritici are phylogenetically distinct species, now G. avenae and G. tritici.
  • Gaeumannomyces graminis var. maydis is proposed as a synonym of G. radicicola.
  • Introduction of two new genera: Falciphoriella and Gaeumannomycella.
  • Designation of an epitype for Gaeumannomyces graminis var. avenae.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a revised taxonomic framework for Gaeumannomyces and related genera.
  • Morphological and molecular data confirm the distinct species status of former G. graminis varieties.
  • This research enhances understanding of fungal diversity and aids in managing take-all disease in Poaceae.