Visualization of the olfactory nerve using constructive interference in steady state magnetic resonance imaging.

Area of Science:

• Neuroimaging
• Anatomy
• Radiology

Background:

• The olfactory nerve (OlfN) is crucial for smell but often difficult to visualize on standard neuroimages.
• Inconsistent visualization hinders detailed anatomical study and clinical assessment.

Purpose of the Study:

• To delineate the intracranial course of the olfactory nerve (OlfN).
• To evaluate the utility of constructive interference in steady state (CISS) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for OlfN visualization.

Main Methods:

• 168 patients underwent conventional MR sequences followed by coronal and axial CISS sequences.
• CISS imaging was performed to assess OlfN visualization and course.

Main Results:

• The olfactory nerve (OlfN) was visualized in 90-92% of patients on coronal CISS images and 100% on axial images.
• The olfactory nerve follows a consistent path along the olfactory sulcus.
• Four distinct portions of the OlfN were identified, with variability noted in the olfactory fossa.

Conclusions:

• Thin-sliced CISS sequences provide consistent and reliable visualization of the olfactory nerve (OlfN).
• This imaging technique is valuable for anatomical delineation and potential clinical applications involving the olfactory pathway.