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Biomechanical Characterization of Human Soft Tissues Using Indentation and Tensile Testing
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A method for nondestructive mechanical testing of tissues and implants.

Ruchit Shah1, Mark C Pierce1, Frederick H Silver2

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey.

Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part A
|August 11, 2016
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new nondestructive vibrational testing method to determine the mechanical modulus of tissues and implant materials. This technique offers a simpler alternative to traditional stress-strain measurements for complex materials.

Keywords:
biomaterialscollagendermisextracellular matrixmechanical propertiesmodulusoptical coherence tomographysiliconeskinvibrationviscoelasticity

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Mechanical Engineering

Background:

  • Traditional mechanical testing of tissues and implants is often destructive and limited in application.
  • Developing nondestructive methods is crucial for in vivo analysis and improved implant design.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a novel nondestructive in vitro testing approach.
  • To evaluate the efficacy of combining optical coherence tomography (OCT) and vibrational analysis.
  • To assess the mechanical properties of a tissue model (decellularized human dermis) and a model implant (silicone rubber).

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a combination of optical coherence tomography (OCT) and vibrational analysis.
  • Applied these methods to decellularized human dermis and silicone rubber samples.
  • Compared results with traditional tensile stress-strain measurements.

Main Results:

  • Nondestructive vibrational testing successfully determined the modulus of polymeric materials.
  • Results obtained were comparable to those from conventional tensile stress-strain measurements.
  • This method bypasses the need to approximate the tangent to the stress-strain curve, simplifying analysis for nonlinear materials.

Conclusions:

  • Nondestructive vibrational testing is a viable method for assessing the mechanical modulus of biomaterials and tissue models.
  • This technique offers advantages over traditional methods, particularly for nonlinear materials.
  • Further development could enable in vivo applications for tissue pathology analysis and implant material design.