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Tinea capitis: temporal shift in pathogens and epidemiology.

Wiebke Ziegler1, Sigrid Lempert1, Matthias Goebeler1

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Tinea capitis (ringworm of the scalp) shows shifting pathogens, with an increase in human-to-human transmitted fungi. Adults are increasingly affected, necessitating broader diagnostic consideration.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Tinea capitis is a common pediatric fungal infection.
  • Its causative agents vary geographically and over time.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze changes in the pathogen spectrum of tinea capitis.
  • To evaluate demographic shifts, particularly in adult cases.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 150 mycologically confirmed tinea capitis cases.
  • Comparison of pathogen profiles between two 12.5-year periods (1990-2014).

Main Results:

  • Microsporum canis remains prevalent, but anthropophilic fungi (Trichophyton tonsurans, T. rubrum) are increasing.
  • Adult cases (16%) were more frequent than expected.
  • Pathogen diversity increased, with rare dermatophytes identified.

Conclusions:

  • While Microsporum canis dominates, the rise in anthropophilic pathogens is notable.
  • Tinea capitis diagnosis should be considered across all age groups due to increased adult prevalence.