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A pilot study of parent education intervention improves early childhood development among toddlers with sickle cell

Melanie E Fields1, Catherine Hoyt-Drazen2, Regina Abel2

  • 1Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri. king_a@wustl.edu.

Pediatric Blood & Cancer
|August 12, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Early home visitation for children with sickle cell disease (SCD) improved cognitive and expressive language development. A supportive home environment was key to cognitive gains in this vulnerable population.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Hematology

Background:

  • Young children with sickle cell disease (SCD) face risks for cognitive delay.
  • Both biologic and environmental factors contribute to cognitive dysfunction in children with SCD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of a home visitation model on the development of young children with SCD.
  • To describe the role of the home environment and socioeconomic status in early childhood SCD.
  • To assess the effectiveness of the Parents as Teachers (PAT) program on cognitive outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A single-arm, prospective cohort study followed 35 children with SCD (3-36 months) and caregivers.
  • Data collected from October 2010 to December 2013.
  • Primary outcomes included the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (BSID-III) and the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME).

Main Results:

  • Significant improvements were observed in cognitive (P = 0.016) and expressive language (P = 0.002) domains of the BSID-III.
  • Mean scores across all five BSID-III subtests improved from enrollment to exit.
  • The HOME score was significantly associated with cognitive development outcomes.

Conclusions:

  • This study reports the first longitudinal results of a home visitation program for early childhood SCD.
  • The program demonstrated significant improvements in cognitive and expressive language development.
  • Home environment emerged as a significant predictor of cognitive development, suggesting a need for targeted interventions.
Abstract

Keywords:
cognitiondevelopmentinterventionparentingsickle cell disease

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