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High cortisol, leptin, and estradiol levels are linked to prostate cancer (PCa) development. This study found these hormones significantly associated with PCa risk in middle-aged men.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Urology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Prostate cancer (PCa) is a prevalent disease in men.
  • Hormonal factors, including cortisol, leptin, and estrogens, may play a role in PCa development.
  • Understanding these complex hormonal interactions is crucial for assessing prognostic factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the relationship between serum cortisol, leptin, and estradiol levels in men with and without prostate cancer.
  • To determine if these hormonal markers are associated with PCa risk.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 141 men (71 with PCa, 70 in a low-risk group).
  • Serum levels of cortisol, leptin, estradiol, PSA, testosterone, and LH were measured.
  • Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association with PCa, adjusting for covariates.

Main Results:

  • PCa patients exhibited significantly higher serum cortisol (p=0.004), leptin (p=0.048), and estradiol (p<0.0001) levels compared to the low-risk group.
  • Cortisol, estradiol, and leptin explained 27% of the variance in PCa, even after adjusting for age, smoking, BMI, and waist circumference.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated serum cortisol, estradiol, and leptin levels are associated with prostate cancer.
  • These hormonal alterations represent potential biomarkers for PCa risk assessment.