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Nervous Tissue: Neuron Types01:19

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Neurons, the fundamental units of the nervous system, can be classified based on both their structural and functional characteristics.
Structurally, neurons are categorized into three main types: multipolar, bipolar, and unipolar (or pseudounipolar). Multipolar neurons, which are the most common type in the brain and spinal cord, as well as all motor neurons, possess multiple dendrites and a single axon.
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Canine Nervous System Lymphoma Subtypes Display Characteristic Neuroanatomical Patterns.

S Sisó1, P Marco-Salazar2, P F Moore1

  • 11 Departments of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.

Veterinary Pathology
|August 12, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Canine lymphoma subtypes show distinct patterns of nervous system infiltration. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma commonly affects meningeal and periventricular areas, while peripheral T-cell lymphoma often involves peripheral nerves.

Keywords:
braincentral nervous systemcerebrospinal fluidcytologyimmunohistochemistrylymphomamolecular targetingneurolymphomatosis

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Neurology
  • Canine Oncology
  • Comparative Pathology

Background:

  • Nervous system involvement in canine non-Hodgkin lymphoma is significant, affecting 4-12% of cases.
  • A recent international classification of canine malignant lymphomas allows for detailed subtype analysis.
  • Understanding lymphoma distribution in the nervous system is crucial for diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the anatomical distribution patterns of central and peripheral nervous system lymphoma infiltration.
  • To correlate these patterns with specific canine lymphoma subtypes based on the new classification.
  • To identify potential diagnostic markers in cerebrospinal fluid.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 37 dogs with confirmed lymphoma and nervous system involvement was studied.
  • Histological and immunocytochemical analyses were performed on necropsy samples.
  • Lymphoma subtypes (T-cell and B-cell) and their anatomical infiltration patterns were classified.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid cell counts were correlated with histological findings.

Main Results:

  • Thirty-six out of 37 dogs (97.3%) had secondary nervous system involvement.
  • Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) frequently infiltrated peripheral nerves.
  • Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) characteristically infiltrated meningeal, perivascular, and periventricular compartments.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid cell counts >64 cells/μL correlated with meningeal and periventricular infiltration.

Conclusions:

  • Distinct histological neuroanatomic patterns of lymphoma infiltration exist in dogs.
  • These patterns correlate with specific lymphoma subtypes, suggesting targeted receptor interactions.
  • Further prospective studies are needed to validate these findings and their clinical implications.