Elective Bowel Surgery with or without Prophylactic Nasogastric Decompression: A Prospective, Randomized Trial

Area of Science:

• Gastroenterology
• Surgical Oncology
• Clinical Medicine

Background:

• Prolonged nasogastric intubation post-bowel surgery is standard but linked to complications like atelectasis and electrolyte imbalance.
• Complications include poor cough reflex, reduced electrolyte levels, and increased patient morbidity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the necessity of routine nasogastric tube use in post-bowel surgery care.
• To assess the impact on the return of bowel function, complication rates, and hospital stay duration.

Main Methods:

• A randomized controlled trial involving 100 patients undergoing elective bowel surgery.
• Study group (n=50): Nasogastric tube removed immediately post-operation.
• Control group (n=50): Nasogastric tube removed after passing flatus and bowel sounds.

Main Results:

• The study group experienced fewer complications, with only three cases of vomiting and two of abdominal distension.
• Control group patients reported discomfort, difficulty coughing, and sputum expectoration, contributing to pulmonary complications.

Conclusions:

• Routine nasogastric intubation following bowel surgery can be safely eliminated.
• Early removal of nasogastric tubes improves patient outcomes and reduces morbidity.