Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis01:21

Mass Spectrometry: Complex Analysis

2.0K
Mass spectrometry is an important technique for the identification of pure compounds. However, it has some limitations for the analysis of complex mixtures, often due to excessive fragmentation making the spectrum too complicated to decipher. Mass spectrometry can be combined with suitable separation methods in sequence, forming hyphenated methods, which are useful in the analysis of complex mixtures.
GC–MS is a powerful hyphenated method commonly used in forensics and environmental...
2.0K
Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:33

Peptide Identification Using Tandem Mass Spectrometry

8.8K
Tandem mass spectrometry, also known as MS/MS or MS2, is an analytical technique that employs two mass analyzers. Essentially it is a series of mass spectrometers that helps isolate a particular biomolecule and then helps study its chemical properties.
This technique helps gather information regarding the protein from which the peptide was obtained and to study the peptides’ amino acid sequence. Identifying peptides from a complex mixture is an important component of the growing field of...
8.8K
Mass Spectrum01:23

Mass Spectrum

5.3K
A mass spectrum is the graphical representation of the relative abundance of the charged fragments in an analyte plotted against their mass-to-charge ratio (m/z). The plot's x-axis represents the ratio of the mass of the charged fragment to the number of charges it carries. The y axis of the plot represents the relative abundance of each charged species. The relative abundance is calculated from the signal intensity of each charged species recorded at the detector. The most intense signal (the...
5.3K
Mass Analyzers: Overview01:13

Mass Analyzers: Overview

2.0K
The mass analyzer is a crucial component of the mass spectrometer. In the ionization chamber, the vaporized sample is bombarded with a high-energy electron beam to generate a radical cation and further fragment into neutral molecules, radicals, and cations. A series of negatively charged accelerator plates accelerate the cations into the mass analyzer. The mass analyzer separates ions according to their mass-to-charge (m/z) ratios and then directs them to the detector. The common types of mass...
2.0K
Mass Spectrum: Interpretation01:24

Mass Spectrum: Interpretation

3.8K
An unknown compound can be established by identifying the molecular ion peak in the mass spectrum. The molecular ion peak is often weak or absent due to the predominance of fragmentation in high-energy electron beams. In such cases, a soft-energy electron beam can be used to scan the spectrum to enhance the intensity of the molecular ion peak. Additionally, chemical ionization, field ionization, and desorption ionization spectra are used to obtain a relatively intense molecular ion peak.To...
3.8K
Tandem Mass Spectrometry01:21

Tandem Mass Spectrometry

2.8K
Tandem mass spectrometry is a technique that uses multiple mass analyzers in series to obtain a higher selectivity and reduce chemical noise during analyte detection. Instruments with multiple analyzers separated by an interaction cell enable secondary fragmentation and selected study of the fragment ions.Secondary fragmentations occur in the interaction cell and can be induced by various factors. Fragmentation induced by collision with inert gases, such as N2, Ar, He, etc., is called...
2.8K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Differential ErbB receptor dimerization modulates the ability of EGF receptor ligands to regulate metabolic flux.

The Journal of biological chemistry·2026
Same author

Spatial Mapping of the Precancer-to-Cancer Transition in Breast and Prostate.

Cancer discovery·2026
Same author

Accelerating discovery of cancer causes for prevention in the era of rising early-onset cancers.

Cell·2026
Same author

SLC33A1 exports oxidized glutathione to maintain endoplasmic reticulum redox homeostasis.

Nature cell biology·2026
Same author

Metabolites from plasma-like medium fuel nitrogen metabolism and influence proliferation in <i>Leptospira interrogans</i>.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Cell-specific isotope labeling identifies <i>myo</i>-inositol transfer between neurons and oligodendroglia to support myelin repair.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same journal

Modeling the Effects of Short-Range Randomness in Packed Sphere Beds.

Analytical chemistry·2026
Same journal

Mitochondrial Redox Cascade-Directed Covalent NIR Fluorogenic Imaging of Therapy-Induced Senescence Integrates Tumor and Host Responses.

Analytical chemistry·2026
Same journal

Proteomic Profiling of RHD-Related Mitral Annulus Calcification Enabled by Magnetic Carbon Nanomaterial-Supported Quasi-Immobilized Enzyme Digestion.

Analytical chemistry·2026
Same journal

Spatial-Photonic Encoding on a Single Fiber: Breaking the Bottleneck in Photoelectrochemical Biosensing for Precision Diagnostics.

Analytical chemistry·2026
Same journal

Spreadable Biosensing Pregel for Analyte Visualization in Peeled Plant Tissues.

Analytical chemistry·2026
Same journal

DARibo-Q: RNA Allosteric Transduction for Fluorescence Imaging of Dopamine Modulation in Living Systems.

Analytical chemistry·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Analyzing Large Protein Complexes by Structural Mass Spectrometry
15:35

Analyzing Large Protein Complexes by Structural Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 19, 2010

25.0K

Defining and Detecting Complex Peak Relationships in Mass Spectral Data: The Mz.unity Algorithm.

Nathaniel G Mahieu1, Jonathan L Spalding1, Susan J Gelman1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Washington University , St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States .

Analytical Chemistry
|August 12, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mass spectrometry analysis reveals numerous complex peak relationships, often missed by current software. The new mz.unity tool effectively detects these spectral degeneracies, improving data interpretation in metabolomics.

More Related Videos

Deep Proteome Profiling by Isobaric Labeling, Extensive Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry, and Software-assisted Quantification
10:37

Deep Proteome Profiling by Isobaric Labeling, Extensive Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry, and Software-assisted Quantification

Published on: November 15, 2017

12.8K
Using a Cyclic Ion Mobility Spectrometer for Tandem Ion Mobility Experiments
08:40

Using a Cyclic Ion Mobility Spectrometer for Tandem Ion Mobility Experiments

Published on: January 20, 2022

4.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Analyzing Large Protein Complexes by Structural Mass Spectrometry
15:35

Analyzing Large Protein Complexes by Structural Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 19, 2010

25.0K
Deep Proteome Profiling by Isobaric Labeling, Extensive Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry, and Software-assisted Quantification
10:37

Deep Proteome Profiling by Isobaric Labeling, Extensive Liquid Chromatography, Mass Spectrometry, and Software-assisted Quantification

Published on: November 15, 2017

12.8K
Using a Cyclic Ion Mobility Spectrometer for Tandem Ion Mobility Experiments
08:40

Using a Cyclic Ion Mobility Spectrometer for Tandem Ion Mobility Experiments

Published on: January 20, 2022

4.9K

Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Computational Biology
  • Metabolomics

Background:

  • Mass spectrometry generates numerous degenerate peaks complicating spectral interpretation and annotation.
  • Current software fails to represent critical peak relationships like complex adducts and fragments across polarities.
  • Spectral degeneracy inflates false discovery rates and hinders efficient data analysis in metabolomics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify sources of peak degeneracy not currently annotated by software.
  • To introduce mz.unity, a novel software package for detecting complex peak relationships in accurate mass data.
  • To demonstrate the prevalence and complexity of spectral relationships in mass spectrometry data.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of peak degeneracy sources in mass spectra.
  • Development and application of the mz.unity R package for relationship detection.
  • Utilizing accurate mass data for identifying complex adducts and fragments.

Main Results:

  • Identified numerous complex peak relationships previously unannotated, including adducts of glutamate and NAD, and fragments of NAD across polarities.
  • Demonstrated that common assumptions in interpreting spectral degeneracy do not universally apply.
  • Revealed a higher prevalence of complex relationships than anticipated in metabolomic datasets.

Conclusions:

  • The mz.unity package provides essential tools for annotating complex spectral relationships.
  • Findings offer new insights into mass spectral degeneracy, improving data interpretation and identification.
  • This work lays the foundation for more accurate and efficient metabolomic data analysis.