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Chronic hepatitis E - an emerging disease in an immunocompromised host
Amitabh Singh1, Rachna Seth1, Anand Gupta1
1Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Gastroenterology Report
|August 13, 2016
Summary
Chronic hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is a growing concern in immunocompromised patients. Ribavirin effectively eradicates HEV infection, improving survival in these vulnerable individuals.
Area of Science:
- Hepatology
- Virology
- Immunology
Background:
- Chronic hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is increasingly diagnosed in immunosuppressed populations, including those with HIV, hematological malignancies, and transplant recipients.
- Diagnostic criteria for cirrhosis and liver failure in chronic HEV remain controversial.
- Limited data exist on the efficacy of ribavirin for treating genotype 1 chronic HEV.
Observation:
- A case of chronic HEV genotype 1 infection causing chronic liver disease in a child with a history of acute leukemia is presented.
- This case highlights the challenges in diagnosing and managing chronic HEV in specific patient groups.
Findings:
- Successful eradication of chronic HEV infection was achieved using ribavirin.
- Ribavirin treatment demonstrated subsequent survival benefits in the patient.
- Chronic hepatitis E should be considered in immunosuppressed patients with unexplained elevated liver enzymes (cryptogenic transaminitis).
Implications:
- Chronic hepatitis E may represent an emerging disease in immunocompromised individuals.
- Ribavirin is confirmed as an effective therapeutic agent for controlling HEV infection.
- Early suspicion and treatment of chronic HEV are crucial for improving outcomes in at-risk populations.
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