Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Complementation Tests00:49

Complementation Tests

6.4K
A complementation test is a simple cross to identify whether the two mutations are located on the same gene or different genes. It was first performed by Edward Lewis in the 1940s while working on fruit flies. He developed the test to identify the location and arrangement of different mutations on chromosomes.
Organisms heterozygous for different mutations are crossed pairwise in all combinations. If present on different genes, the mutations can complement each other by providing the missing...
6.4K
Epistasis01:39

Epistasis

51.0K
In addition to multiple alleles at the same locus influencing traits, numerous genes or alleles at different locations may interact and influence phenotypes in a phenomenon called epistasis. For example, rabbit fur can be black or brown depending on whether the animal is homozygous dominant or heterozygous at a TYRP1 locus. However, if the rabbit is also homozygous recessive at a locus on the tyrosinase gene (TYR), it will have an unshaded coat that appears white, regardless of its TYRP1...
51.0K
Position-effect Variegation02:32

Position-effect Variegation

7.2K
In 1928, a German botanist Emil Heitz observed the moss nuclei with a DNA binding dye. He observed that while some chromatin regions decondense and spread out in the interphase nucleus, others do not. He termed them euchromatin and heterochromatin, respectively. He proposed that the heterochromatin regions reflect a functionally inactive state of the genome. It was later confirmed that heterochromatin is transcriptionally repressed, and euchromatin is transcriptionally active chromatin.
7.2K
Background and Environment Affect Phenotype02:27

Background and Environment Affect Phenotype

8.0K
Although the genetic makeup of an organism plays a major role in determining the phenotype, there are also several environmental factors, such as temperature, oxygen availability, presence of mutagens, that can alter an organism’s phenotype.
An example of how genetic background affects phenotype can be seen in horses. The Extension gene in horses is responsible for their coat color. A wild-type gene (EE) produces black pigment in the coat, while a mutant gene (ee) produces red pigment. A...
8.0K
Incomplete Dominance01:43

Incomplete Dominance

32.1K
Gregor Mendel's work (1822 - 1884) was primarily focused on pea plants. Through his initial experiments, he determined that every gene in a diploid cell has two variants called alleles inherited from each parent. He suggested that amongst these two alleles, one allele is dominant in character and the other recessive. The combination of alleles determines the phenotype of a gene in an organism.
32.1K
Monohybrid Crosses01:20

Monohybrid Crosses

240.7K
Overview
240.7K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

An Illustrative Case for Muscular Fatigue Resistance Underlying Exaggerated Begging in Avian Brood Parasites.

The American naturalist·2026
Same author

Love Bites: Morphological Characterization of Genital Spines in Snakes.

Integrative and comparative biology·2026
Same author

Stage-structured multihormone phenotypes and a shared endocrine milieu underlie facultative male care in a biparental songbird.

Hormones and behavior·2026
Same author

Egg colour influences egg removal by common cuckoos (Cuculus canorus).

Behavioural processes·2026
Same author

Heavy metals and eggshell coloration in House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) eggshells across the Eastern United States.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Recent breeding experience improves egg ejection behaviour.

Biology letters·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Probing the Limits of Egg Recognition Using Egg Rejection Experiments Along Phenotypic Gradients
07:34

Probing the Limits of Egg Recognition Using Egg Rejection Experiments Along Phenotypic Gradients

Published on: August 22, 2018

8.7K

Dynamic egg color mimicry.

Daniel Hanley1, Michal Šulc2, Patricia L R Brennan3

  • 1Department of Zoology and Laboratory of Ornithology Palacký University 17. listopadu 50 Olomouc 771 46 Czech Republic.

Ecology and Evolution
|August 13, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Eggshell color changes dynamically during incubation, impacting mimicry between hosts like the great reed warbler and parasites like the common cuckoo. This dynamic shift may aid hosts in detecting parasitic eggs.

Keywords:
Avian visionbrood parasitismcoevolutioncommon cuckoomimicrypigments

More Related Videos

Injecting Gryllus bimaculatus Eggs
08:49

Injecting Gryllus bimaculatus Eggs

Published on: August 22, 2019

19.0K
High Throughput Assay to Examine Egg-Laying Preferences of Individual Drosophila melanogaster
03:58

High Throughput Assay to Examine Egg-Laying Preferences of Individual Drosophila melanogaster

Published on: March 24, 2016

8.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Probing the Limits of Egg Recognition Using Egg Rejection Experiments Along Phenotypic Gradients
07:34

Probing the Limits of Egg Recognition Using Egg Rejection Experiments Along Phenotypic Gradients

Published on: August 22, 2018

8.7K
Injecting Gryllus bimaculatus Eggs
08:49

Injecting Gryllus bimaculatus Eggs

Published on: August 22, 2019

19.0K
High Throughput Assay to Examine Egg-Laying Preferences of Individual Drosophila melanogaster
03:58

High Throughput Assay to Examine Egg-Laying Preferences of Individual Drosophila melanogaster

Published on: March 24, 2016

8.5K

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary biology
  • Ornithology
  • Animal behavior

Background:

  • Eggshell appearance was assumed static, but recent research shows rapid color changes.
  • Brood parasitism involves hosts identifying and rejecting foreign eggs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if eggshell color changes affect brood parasite-host mimicry during incubation.
  • To analyze the temporal dynamics of eggshell color changes in the great reed warbler and common cuckoo.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of long-term host response data to parasitic eggs.
  • Reflectance spectrometry to measure eggshell coloration.
  • Visual modeling to assess perceived color mimicry.

Main Results:

  • Great reed warblers responded to parasitic eggs well into incubation.
  • Eggshell coloration in both host and parasite eggs changed rapidly.
  • The perceived mimicry between host and parasite eggs decreased over incubation.

Conclusions:

  • Dynamic eggshell color changes impact brood parasite-host mimicry.
  • Disparate temporal color shifts may provide hosts with cues for egg discrimination.
  • This challenges static assumptions in evolutionary eggshell studies.