Three-Dimensional Assessment of Volumetric Changes in Sinuses Augmented with Two Different Bone Substitutes

Area of Science:

• Dentistry
• Oral Surgery
• Regenerative Medicine

Background:

• Posterior maxillary bone volume is often insufficient for dental implants due to factors like a pneumatized maxillary sinus.
• Sinus floor elevation (SFE) is a common procedure to augment bone volume in the posterior maxilla.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate graft volume reduction after SFE using either deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) alone or a composite graft.
• To compare the volumetric stability of DBB versus a composite graft (biphasic calcium sulfate and DBB) over time.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans from SFE procedures.
• Volumetric assessment of sinus grafts at 2 weeks (V-I) and 6 months (V-II) post-operation.
• Comparison of graft volume reduction between DBB and composite graft groups.

Main Results:

• The average percentage volume reduction was 9.39% for DBB and 17.65% for the composite graft.
• Both graft types showed significant volume reduction between 2 weeks and 6 months (p < 0.01).
• DBB exhibited significantly less volume reduction compared to the composite graft (p < 0.01).

Conclusions:

• Augmented sinus bone volume can change significantly before dental implant placement.
• Deproteinized bovine bone (DBB) provides superior volume stability during the healing period compared to composite grafts.
• These findings have implications for treatment planning and predicting outcomes in maxillary sinus augmentation procedures.