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Hybridoma Technology

Hybridoma Technology

Hybridoma technology is used for the large-scale production of monoclonal antibodies. Monoclonal antibodies bind to only a single antigenic determinant or epitope. Such antibodies are used in research, diagnostics, and disease therapy. The hybridoma technology established in 1975 by Georges Köhler and Cesar Milstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine in 1984 for revolutionizing research and therapy.
Hybridoma Selection
Commonly used fusion techniques — electroporation,...

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Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice

Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice

Published on: January 7, 2019

Non-paraprotein producing myeloma.

H McLaughlin^1,2, P A Farrelly^1,2, M Melinn^1,2

¹Department of Pathology, University College, Dublin.

Irish Journal of Medical Science

|August 13, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Multiple myeloma rarely presents without detectable paraproteins in serum or urine. This report details the clinical and laboratory findings for a patient exhibiting this rare presentation of multiple myeloma.

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Area of Science:

Hematology
Oncology
Clinical Medicine

Background:

Multiple myeloma is a plasma cell malignancy characterized by the overproduction of a monoclonal immunoglobulin (paraprotein).
Detection of serum and/or urinary paraprotein is a hallmark diagnostic criterion for multiple myeloma, present in over 99% of cases.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe the clinical and laboratory features of a rare case of multiple myeloma.
To contribute to the understanding of paraprotein-negative multiple myeloma.

Main Methods:

Case report detailing clinical presentation.
Laboratory investigations including serum and urine protein electrophoresis, immunofixation, and bone marrow biopsy.

Main Results:

The patient presented with clinical symptoms suggestive of multiple myeloma.
Extensive laboratory workup failed to detect any evidence of a monoclonal paraprotein in serum or urine.
Bone marrow biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of multiple myeloma.

Conclusions:

Paraprotein-negative multiple myeloma is an exceptionally rare entity.
This case highlights the importance of considering multiple myeloma even in the absence of detectable paraproteins.
Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms and optimal management of this rare subtype.