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Sound Intensity Level

Sound Intensity Level

Humans perceive sound by hearing. The human ear helps sound waves reach the brain, which then interprets the waves and creates the perception of hearing. The loudness of the environment in which a person is located determines whether they can distinguish between different sound sources.
The human ear can perceive an extensive range of sound intensity, necessitating the use of the logarithmic scale to define a physical quantity—the intensity level. It is a ratio of two intensities and...

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Behavioral Assessment of Hearing in 2 to 4 Year-old Children: A Two-interval, Observer-based Procedure Using Conditioned Play-based Responses

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Guidelines for Auditory Threshold Measurement for Significant Threshold Shift.

Kathleen Campbell¹, Tanisha Hammill, Michael Hoffer

¹*Department of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois †Defense Hearing Center of Excellence, JBSA Lackland, Texas ‡Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida §Sound Pharmaceuticals, Seattle, Washington ||Hearing Science Program, Callier Center for Communication Disorders, Dallas, Texas.

Otology & Neurotology : Official Publication of the American Otological Society, American Neurotology Society [And] European Academy of Otology and Neurotology

|August 13, 2016

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This article provides guidelines for identifying significant noise-induced threshold shifts (NITS) in clinical trials. It details audiology standards, testing methods, and follow-up procedures for human subjects exposed to noise.

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Area of Science:

Audiology
Occupational Health
Clinical Research Methodology

Background:

Noise exposure is a significant risk factor for hearing loss.
Standardized methods are needed to accurately assess noise-induced hearing changes in clinical trials.
Existing guidelines may not fully address the complexities of noise-induced threshold shifts.

Purpose of the Study:

To establish comprehensive guidelines for determining Significant Noise-Induced Threshold Shift (NITS) in human clinical trials.
To provide recommendations on standards for subjects, equipment, environment, and personnel.
To offer specific guidance for military populations and otoprotection studies.

Main Methods:

Review of existing standards for audiological assessments.
Detailed recommendations for audiometer calibration, sound booth criteria, and immitance equipment.
Guidelines for subject history, otoscopy, and selection of test frequencies.
Methods for determining temporary threshold shift (TTS) and permanent threshold shift (PTS) via air and bone conduction.

Main Results:

Established criteria for identifying NITS in clinical trial participants.
Provided detailed protocols for baseline and follow-up audiological testing.
Outlined procedures for retesting, ruling out conductive hearing loss, and subject counseling.
Described reporting standards and experimental designs for otoprotection trials.

Conclusions:

Standardized guidelines are crucial for accurate NITS determination in clinical research.
Comprehensive assessment including subject history, audiology, and follow-up is necessary.
These guidelines will enhance the reliability and comparability of findings in noise-induced hearing loss studies.