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Related Concept Videos

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Aortic Regurgitation III: Medical Management

537
Aortic regurgitation (AR) is when the aortic valve does not close or seal properly, leading to backward blood circulation from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole. Common causes of AR include rheumatic heart disease, congenital valve defects, and aortic root dilation. Managing AR requires a multifaceted approach to alleviate symptoms, preserve left ventricular function, and address the underlying cause of the regurgitation. Patients with symptomatic AR or significant left...
537
Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction01:15

Aortic Regurgitation I: Introduction

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IntroductionAortic regurgitation is characterized by the backward flow of blood from the aorta into the left ventricle during diastole and arises from the improper closure of the aortic valve. This condition results in left ventricular volume overload and can stem from both acute and chronic etiologies, each contributing uniquely to the disease's progression and symptomatology.Acute and Chronic CausesAcute aortic regurgitation often results from events that suddenly impair the integrity of the...
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Aortic Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management01:17

Aortic Regurgitation IV: Nursing Management

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A nurse managing a patient with aortic regurgitation begins with a comprehensive assessment, including a review of the patient's medical history, family history, and lifestyle factors. During the cardiac examination, the nurse listens for heart sounds and checks for signs of valve abnormalities. The nurse also observes for symptoms such as dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea and assesses the patient's endurance and daily activity tolerance.Based on the findings, the nurse...
381
Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests01:22

Aortic Regurgitation II: Clinical Features and Diagnostic Tests

791
Aortic valve regurgitation (AR) occurs when the aortic valve fails to close properly, allowing blood to flow backward from the aorta into the left ventricle. This backflow can result in two distinct clinical presentations: acute and chronic AR, each characterized by its own set of symptoms and physical findings.Acute Aortic RegurgitationAcute AR presents with a sudden onset of severe symptoms. Patients typically experience profound dyspnea (shortness of breath), chest pain, and signs of left...
791
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

420
Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
420
Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management01:25

Mitral Regurgitation III: Medical Management

500
Mitral regurgitation (MR) is characterized by retrograde blood circulation from the left ventricle into the left atrium due to inadequate mitral valve closure. The severity of the condition, symptoms, and underlying cause determine treatment strategies.Monitoring and Pharmacological TreatmentPatients with mild to moderate MR typically do not need immediate intervention but regular monitoring to assess progression and guide treatment. Patients with mild MR should have an echocardiogram every 3-5...
500

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Full-root Aortic Valve Replacement by Stentless Aortic Xenografts in Patients with Small Aortic Roots
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[Aortic valve replacement in the elderly].

F Vogt1, S Wicklein2, K Singler2,3

  • 1Klinik für Herzchirurgie, Klinikum Nürnberg, Paracelsus Medizinische Privatuniversität, Breslauer Str. 201, 90471, Nürnberg, Deutschland. ferdinand.vogt@klinikum-nuernberg.de.

Zeitschrift Fur Gerontologie Und Geriatrie
|August 13, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Severe symptomatic aortic valve stenosis can be treated with aortic valve replacement (AVR) or transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), offering good outcomes even in elderly patients. Geriatric assessment aids in optimizing treatment strategies and improving prognosis for these individuals.

Keywords:
Aortic valve stenosisFrailtyGeriatric assessmentHeart teamTranscatheter aortic valve implantation

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Geriatrics
  • Interventional Cardiology

Background:

  • Severe symptomatic aortic valve stenosis requires timely intervention.
  • Conventional aortic valve replacement (AVR) and transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) are established treatment options.
  • Elderly and multimorbid patients present unique challenges in managing aortic valve stenosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of current therapeutic options for aortic valve replacement.
  • To summarize treatment considerations for elderly patients with aortic valve stenosis.
  • To highlight the importance of geriatric assessment in optimizing outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current guidelines and therapeutic strategies for aortic valve stenosis.
  • Integration of geriatric assessment methods alongside standard risk scores.
  • Heart team approach for individualized patient management.

Main Results:

  • Both AVR and TAVI demonstrate good periprocedural prognosis, even in advanced age.
  • Geriatric assessment is crucial for identifying functional deficits impacting mortality and complications.
  • Targeted interventions based on comprehensive assessment can minimize risk factors.

Conclusions:

  • Individualized management by a heart team is essential for successful aortic valve stenosis treatment.
  • Geriatric assessment complements standard risk scores, improving functional outcomes in elderly patients.
  • Optimizing risk factors through targeted interventions enhances prognosis for older adults undergoing AVR or TAVI.