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Pediatric cholangiopathies: diseases of the gallbladder and biliary tract

Mark E Sharafinski1, Arthur B Meyers2, Gregory Vorona3

  • 1Department of Medical Imaging, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 E. Chicago Ave., Box 09, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA. mark.sharafinski@gmail.com.

Abdominal Radiology (New York)
|August 13, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric gallbladder and bile duct diseases range from congenital to neoplastic conditions. This review focuses on non-invasive imaging, highlighting ultrasound as the primary tool for diagnosing biliary pathology in children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Gastroenterology
  • Diagnostic Imaging
  • Hepatobiliary Diseases

Background:

  • Pediatric gallbladder and bile duct diseases present a wide range of conditions, including congenital, developmental, and neoplastic processes.
  • Understanding normal pediatric biliary anatomy is crucial for diagnosing pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize common pediatric gallbladder and bile duct pathologic entities.
  • To focus on non-invasive imaging techniques and their findings in pediatric biliary disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of normal pediatric biliary anatomy.
  • Summary of common pathologic entities.
  • Emphasis on non-invasive imaging modalities: ultrasound, MRI, and MRCP.

Main Results:

  • Ultrasound is the initial imaging modality of choice for suspected pediatric biliary pathology due to accessibility, cost-effectiveness, and lack of radiation.
  • MRI and MRCP are valuable for further evaluation when diagnostic uncertainty exists and for surgical planning.

Conclusions:

  • Non-invasive imaging, particularly ultrasound, plays a pivotal role in diagnosing pediatric biliary diseases.
  • Advanced imaging like MRI/MRCP aids in complex cases and surgical preparation.

Keywords:
Biliary atresiaBiliary diseaseBiliary imagingCholestasisMRCPPediatric

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