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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution01:25

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution

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Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
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Drug Dosing: Obese Patients01:21

Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

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In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion01:20

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion

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Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
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Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

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The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
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Drug Therapy01:28

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The advent of drug therapy has profoundly shaped modern mental health care, providing targeted treatments for a range of psychological disorders. Psychotherapeutic drugs, classified into antianxiety, antidepressant, and antipsychotic medications, address symptoms across anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and schizophrenia. While these medications have transformed patient outcomes, they require careful management due to their potential side effects and limitations.
Antianxiety Medications
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Antidepressant Drugs: MAOIs and Other Agents01:23

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Atypical antidepressants, including bupropion (Wellbutrin), mirtazapine (Remeron), nefazodone (Serzone), trazodone (Desyrel), and vilazodone (Viibryd), offer unique mechanisms of action. Bupropion weakly inhibits dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake, aiding depression treatment and smoking cessation, with a low risk of sexual dysfunction. Mirtazapine enhances serotonin and norepinephrine neurotransmission, leading to sedation, increased appetite, and weight gain. As a result, it helps treat...
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Tirzepatide for maintenance of bodyweight reduction in people with obesity in the USA (SURMOUNT-MAINTAIN): a multicentre, double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial.

Lancet (London, England)·2026
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Orforglipron for maintenance of body weight reduction: the double-blind, randomized phase 3b ATTAIN-MAINTAIN trial.

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Reversion to normoglycemia with tirzepatide vs semaglutide in participants with obesity and prediabetes: a post hoc analysis of SURMOUNT-5.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report
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Pharmacotherapy for Obesity.

Katherine H Saunders1, Alpana P Shukla1, Leon I Igel1

  • 1Comprehensive Weight Control Center, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Weill Cornell Medicine, 1165 York Avenue, New York, NY 10065, USA.

Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America
|August 14, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obesity treatment often needs more than lifestyle changes. This review covers six key obesity medications, their uses, and effectiveness, highlighting future combination therapies.

Keywords:
LiraglutideLorcaserinNaltrexone SR/bupropion SRObesityOrlistatPharmacotherapyPhentermine/topiramate ERWeight management

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Endocrinology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Obesity is a complex condition requiring multifaceted treatment strategies.
  • Lifestyle interventions (diet, exercise, behavioral modification) are foundational but insufficient for some individuals.
  • Pharmacologic therapies serve as crucial adjuncts to lifestyle interventions for effective obesity management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of the six most widely prescribed obesity medications.
  • To detail clinical indications, mechanisms of action, dosing, administration, side effects, drug interactions, and contraindications.
  • To summarize efficacy data from pivotal Phase 3 trials supporting drug approvals.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical guidelines and published literature on obesity pharmacotherapy.
  • Analysis of data from Phase 3 clinical trials for approved obesity medications.
  • Synthesis of information regarding drug profiles, including efficacy and safety.

Main Results:

  • Detailed profiles of six major obesity medications are presented.
  • Efficacy data from Phase 3 trials demonstrate varying degrees of weight loss.
  • Information on side effects, interactions, and contraindications is provided for each agent.

Conclusions:

  • Pharmacologic therapies are essential components of a comprehensive obesity treatment plan.
  • Individualized selection and potential combination of agents are key to achieving significant weight loss.
  • Future directions in obesity medicine involve exploring combination pharmacotherapies alongside behavioral counseling.