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Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations
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The evolution of inequality.

Siobhán M Mattison, Eric A Smith, Mary K Shenk

    Evolutionary Anthropology
    |August 14, 2016
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Economic inequality evolved from egalitarian societies, driven by wealth

    Keywords:
    economic defensibilityhierarchyleadershipresource controlsocial evolutionwealth transmission

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    Area of Science:

    • Anthropology
    • Evolutionary Social Science

    Background:

    • Investigating the evolution of political and economic inequality from egalitarian origins is a key anthropological pursuit.
    • Numerous hypotheses link socio-ecological factors to the emergence and proliferation of inequality.

    Observation:

    • Empirical research on inequality in prehistoric and contemporary societies is expanding.
    • This review synthesizes theories on the evolutionary origins, spread, and adaptive significance of inequality.

    Findings:

    • Localized processes can generate inequality, but its evolution hinges on wealth's economic defensibility and transmissibility.
    • The Holocene's stable climate shift was crucial for wealth's properties to persistently drive inequality.

    Implications:

    • Future research should focus on institutionalized inequality shifts in contemporary and prehistoric contexts.
    • Understanding wealth's role is key to explaining persistent societal stratification.