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Membrane fusion and inverted phases.

H Ellens1, D P Siegel, D Alford

  • 1Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco 94143.

Biochemistry
|May 2, 1989
PubMed
Summary
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Lipid phase transitions, specifically the lamellar to inverted cubic phase, directly influence liposome fusion and leakage rates. This correlation provides insights into membrane dynamics and fusion mechanisms.

Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Liposomes are crucial for drug delivery and biomimetic studies.
  • Understanding lipid phase behavior is key to controlling liposome function.
  • Inverted hexagonal (HII) and cubic phases are important for membrane fusion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the correlation between lipid phase behavior and liposome fusion/leakage kinetics.
  • To explore the role of inverted phase formation in membrane dynamics.
  • To validate findings with established lipid phase transition theories.

Main Methods:

  • Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) for phase transitions.
  • 31P NMR spectroscopy to identify isotropic/inverted cubic phases.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Freeze-fracture electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction for structural analysis.
  • Monitoring liposome fusion and leakage rates at varying temperatures.

    • Main Results:

    • Lipid mixtures of dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) and dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC), or N-Methylated dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE-Me), exhibit lamellar (L alpha), isotropic/inverted cubic, and inverted hexagonal (HII) phases.
    • Fusion and leakage rates increase sharply at the onset of the isotropic/inverted cubic phase transition (delta TI).
    • Liposomes lyse at high temperatures (above TH) due to HII phase formation.

    Conclusions:

    • Liposome fusion and leakage are strongly correlated with lipid phase transitions, particularly the L alpha to inverted cubic phase transition.
    • The observed kinetics support theories linking membrane fusion to intermembrane intermediates during phase transitions.
    • This study provides a mechanistic understanding of lipid-based membrane fusion and destabilization.