Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Phylum Bacteroidota01:26

Bacterial Phylum Bacteroidota

801
The phylum Bacteroidota includes over 700 species classified into four primary orders: Bacteroidales, Cytophagales, Flavobacteriales, and Sphingobacteriales. These gram-negative, non-sporulating rods exhibit saccharolytic capabilities and can be aerobic or fermentative, encompassing obligate aerobes, facultative aerobes, and obligate anaerobes. Many species display gliding motility, though some are nonmotile or use flagella. The genus Bacteroides is well-studied due to its significant role in...
801
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens

3.3K
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
3.3K
Bacterial Phylum Actinobacteria01:30

Bacterial Phylum Actinobacteria

807
Coryneform bacteria are gram-positive, aerobic, nonmotile rods that exhibit irregular, club-shaped, or V-shaped arrangements. Their V-shape results from snapping division, where the inner cell wall layer forms the cross-wall, while the outer layer remains intact until it ruptures on one side, causing the daughter cells to bend away.The primary genera are Corynebacterium and Arthrobacter. Corynebacterium includes diverse species, ranging from saprophytes to pathogens like Corynebacterium...
807
Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing01:28

Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing

844
Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
844
Bacterial Phylum Firmicutes01:27

Bacterial Phylum Firmicutes

1.2K
Firmicutes is a diverse phylum of Gram-positive bacteria characterized by a low GC content in their genomes. This phylum includes organisms with monoderm or diderm cell envelopes, highlighting a complex evolutionary history. Firmicutes comprises several major orders, including Lactobacillales, Clostridiales, and Bacillales, which exhibit remarkable diversity in their morphology, metabolism, and ecological roles.The order Lactobacillales includes lactic acid bacteria, which are fermentative...
1.2K
Bacterial Phylum Spirochaetes01:30

Bacterial Phylum Spirochaetes

1.1K
Spirochetes, unique bacteria in the phylum Spirochaetes, are gram-negative, motile, tightly coiled, slender, and flexible. They inhabit aquatic sediments and animals, with some causing diseases like syphilis. Spirochetes are classified into eight genera based on habitat, pathogenicity, phylogeny, and characteristics.Their distinctive motility arises from endoflagella, located within the cell’s periplasm. These endoflagella anchor at the cell poles and extend along the cell length, encased...
1.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

tRNA Modification Landscapes in Streptococci: Shared Losses and Clade-Specific Adaptations.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Impact of simulated microgravity on the growth and proteomic profile of <i>Enterobacter cloacae</i>.

Microbiology spectrum·2025
Same author

Environmental Control of Queuosine Levels in Streptococcus mutans tRNAs.

Molecular microbiology·2024
Same author

Cariogenic potential of the <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> Cid/Lrg system: an <i>in vivo</i> animal case study.

Microbiology spectrum·2024
Same author

Brief Communication: Confocal microscopy of oral streptococcal biofilms grown in simulated microgravity using a random positioning machine.

NPJ microgravity·2024
Same author

Response of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> physiology and Agr quorum sensing to low-shear modeled microgravity.

Journal of bacteriology·2024
Same journal

High-throughput viral enumeration of aquatic ecosystems via flow cytometry.

Applied and environmental microbiology·2026
Same journal

Gut microbiota as key mediators of animal acclimation to temperature changes: mechanisms and interventions.

Applied and environmental microbiology·2026
Same journal

Assessing the effects of ocean alkalinity enhancement on marine protozoa: physiological dynamics and transcriptomic responses.

Applied and environmental microbiology·2026
Same journal

The <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> collagen-binding protein Cnm enhances early biofilm formation with <i>Candida albicans</i>.

Applied and environmental microbiology·2026
Same journal

Response of <i>Zostera japonica</i> rhizosphere bacteria to ocean acidification.

Applied and environmental microbiology·2026
Same journal

Dynamics of clinical <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> strains over the COVID-19 pandemic in Qingdao, China.

Applied and environmental microbiology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Purification of a High Molecular Mass Protein in Streptococcus mutans
09:51

Purification of a High Molecular Mass Protein in Streptococcus mutans

Published on: September 14, 2019

6.4K

Understanding the Streptococcus mutans Cid/Lrg System through CidB Function.

Sang-Joon Ahn1, Kelly C Rice2

  • 1Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA sahn@dental.ufl.edu.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology
|August 14, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Streptococcus mutans CidB protein is crucial for surviving oxidative stress and regulating virulence. Its precise control impacts growth, metabolism, and cell death pathways, influencing pathogenicity.

More Related Videos

Generation of a Gene-disrupted Streptococcus mutans Strain Without Gene Cloning
12:06

Generation of a Gene-disrupted Streptococcus mutans Strain Without Gene Cloning

Published on: October 23, 2017

8.2K
Systematic Approach to Identify Novel Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Molecules from Plants' Extracts and Fractions to Prevent Dental Caries
08:20

Systematic Approach to Identify Novel Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Molecules from Plants' Extracts and Fractions to Prevent Dental Caries

Published on: March 31, 2021

7.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Purification of a High Molecular Mass Protein in Streptococcus mutans
09:51

Purification of a High Molecular Mass Protein in Streptococcus mutans

Published on: September 14, 2019

6.4K
Generation of a Gene-disrupted Streptococcus mutans Strain Without Gene Cloning
12:06

Generation of a Gene-disrupted Streptococcus mutans Strain Without Gene Cloning

Published on: October 23, 2017

8.2K
Systematic Approach to Identify Novel Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Molecules from Plants' Extracts and Fractions to Prevent Dental Caries
08:20

Systematic Approach to Identify Novel Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Molecules from Plants' Extracts and Fractions to Prevent Dental Caries

Published on: March 31, 2021

7.0K

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Bacterial Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Streptococcus mutans possesses cidAB and lrgAB operons involved in biofilm development and virulence.
  • The Cid/Lrg system's role in S. mutans survival under stress, particularly oxygen-enriched conditions, requires further characterization.
  • CidB has been identified as a critical component influencing S. mutans' ability to persist in challenging environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To further characterize the Streptococcus mutans Cid/Lrg system by focusing on the function of CidB.
  • To investigate the impact of CidB expression levels on oxidative stress tolerance and aerobic growth.
  • To elucidate the regulatory networks controlling cid and lrg operons and their global effects on gene expression.

Main Methods:

  • Functional analysis of Streptococcus mutans mutants with altered cidB expression.
  • Transcriptomic analysis using RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) to assess global gene expression changes.
  • Investigation of the regulatory roles of CcpA and the VicKR two-component system (TCS).

Main Results:

  • CidB expression levels critically affect oxidative stress tolerance and lrg operon expression in S. mutans.
  • Impaired aerobic growth of cidB mutants can be rescued by the loss of CidA or LrgA.
  • Mutation of cidB leads to global gene expression changes in metabolism, virulence, stress resistance, and mobile genetic elements like genomic islands and CRISPR-Cas systems.

Conclusions:

  • CidB plays a significant role in the stress response and fundamental cellular physiology of S. mutans.
  • The Cid/Lrg system integrates environmental signals, like oxidative stress, into regulatory networks modulating virulence and cell homeostasis.
  • This study suggests a link between Cid/Lrg-mediated processes, S. mutans pathogenicity, and mechanisms of programmed cell death and growth arrest.