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Related Concept Videos

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

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Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
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Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias01:29

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

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Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per...
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Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm01:19

Electrophysiology of Normal Cardiac Rhythm

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The normal cardiac rhythm is a synchronized electrical activity that facilitates the regular and coordinated contraction of the heart muscle. This process is essential for efficient blood circulation throughout the body. The fundamental elements involved in establishing and maintaining this rhythm include the unique electrical properties of cardiac muscle cells, the sinoatrial (SA) node's pacemaker function, the specialized conducting system, and the ionic mechanisms underlying each phase...
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Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

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Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
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ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

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Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
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Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias01:28

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

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Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various symptoms, depending on their severity and the underlying cause. Some common factors contributing to arrhythmias include hypoxia, ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, excessive catecholamine exposure, drug toxicity, and muscle overstretching. Arrhythmias can be classified into two main types based on the rate and site of origin of abnormal heart rhythms.
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Premature Ventricular Complexes in Apparently Normal Hearts.

Jeffrey Luebbert1, Denise Auberson1, Francis Marchlinski2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Pennsylvania Hospital, University of Pennsylvania Health System, 230 West Washington Square, Philadelphia, PA 19106, USA.

Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics
|August 14, 2016
PubMed
Summary

Premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) indicate a worse prognosis. Diagnosis involves ECG, Holter monitoring, and imaging, with management ranging from observation to ablation.

Keywords:
Catheter ablationIdiopathic ventricular fibrillationPVC-induced cardiomyopathy

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) are linked to increased morbidity and mortality.
  • PVCs can occur in individuals with structurally normal hearts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the presentation, diagnosis, and management of premature ventricular complexes in patients with apparently normal hearts.
  • To highlight the potential for cardiomyopathy and malignant arrhythmias associated with PVCs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on premature ventricular complexes.
  • Diagnostic work-up includes 12-lead ECG, Holter monitoring, echocardiography, and advanced cardiac imaging.
  • Management strategies encompass watchful waiting, medical therapy, and catheter ablation.

Main Results:

  • Patients with PVCs can range from asymptomatic to experiencing disabling symptoms.
  • Frequent PVCs may lead to cardiomyopathy.
  • Malignant PVC variants can precipitate ventricular fibrillation, even in healthy hearts.

Conclusions:

  • Early diagnosis and appropriate management of PVCs are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
  • Comprehensive evaluation is necessary to rule out underlying structural heart disease and assess arrhythmia burden.
  • Timely intervention can mitigate risks associated with premature ventricular complexes.