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Association of IL-1β +3953 C and HLA-DRB1*15 with Coronary Artery and Rheumatic Heart Diseases in South India

M S Sreekanth1, S K Esdan Basha1, G Arun Kumar2

  • 1Department of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Academy of Research and Education, Kelambakkam, Chennai 603103, India.

Human Immunology
|August 14, 2016
PubMed

Insights

This study found that specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1 alleles and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) gene variants are associated with cardiovascular diseases in South India. HLA-DRB1*14 and IL-1β +3953C increase risk for coronary artery disease, while HLA-DRB1*15 predisposes to rheumatic heart disease.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Cardiology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major health concern globally.
  • Specific genetic factors, including Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) alleles and cytokine gene polymorphisms, are implicated in CVD susceptibility.
  • Understanding these genetic associations is crucial for risk stratification and targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association of HLA-DRB1* and IL-1β +3953C/T gene polymorphisms with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) and Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) in a South Indian population.
  • To analyze these associations in relation to clinical parameters, demographic factors, and specific ethnic groups.

Main Methods:

  • A case-control study involving 323 CAD patients, 56 RHD patients, and 254 controls from South India.
  • Genotyping of HLA-DRB1* and IL-1β +3953C/T polymorphisms using Polymerase Chain Reaction - Sequence Specific Primers (PCR-SSP) and Amplification Refractory Mutation System - PCR (ARMS-PCR).
  • Statistical analysis of genetic associations with clinical and demographic variables, including population stratification.

Main Results:

  • The HLA-DRB1*14 allele showed a significant predisposition to CAD, particularly in males and those with Triple Vessel Disease.
  • The HLA-DRB1*15 allele was significantly associated with RHD in both genders.
  • The IL-1β +3953C allele demonstrated a high-risk association with CAD, especially in specific castes (Mudaliar and Vanniyar).
  • Distinct genetic associations were observed for RHD (infectious etiology) and CAD (inflammatory disorder).

Conclusions:

  • The study highlights varied genetic predispositions for RHD and CAD in the South Indian cohort.
  • HLA-DRB1*14 and IL-1β +3953C are risk factors for CAD, while HLA-DRB1*15 is associated with RHD.
  • These findings underscore the importance of genetic background in the pathogenesis of different cardiac diseases.

Keywords:
CADHLA-DRBIL-1βRHD

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