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Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: Present status

M Fuad Jan1, Maria Chiara Todaro2, Lilia Oreto2

  • 1Aurora Cardiovascular Services, Aurora Sinai/Aurora St. Luke's Medical Centers, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 2801 W. Kinnickinnic River Parkway, Ste. 840, Milwaukee, WI 53215, USA.

International Journal of Cardiology
|August 14, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (AHC) has diverse global data on its natural history. This review summarizes AHC incidence, features, and prognosis, highlighting its potential impact on sudden cardiac death.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Internal Medicine
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (AHC) was first described 40 years ago in Japan.
  • Subsequent global research has revealed contrasting information regarding its natural history.
  • AHC is recognized as a heterogeneous clinical entity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
  • To synthesize current knowledge on AHC's incidence, phenotypic expressions, clinical features, prognosis, and management.
  • To assess the potential role of AHC in the burden of sudden cardiac death.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review.
  • Synthesis of data from global studies on AHC.
  • Analysis of reported incidence, clinical presentations, and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • AHC exhibits significant heterogeneity in its presentation and progression worldwide.
  • Data on incidence and prevalence vary across different populations.
  • Clinical features range from asymptomatic to severe manifestations.
  • Prognostic factors and management strategies are still being defined.
  • AHC may contribute more significantly to sudden cardiac death than previously understood.

Conclusions:

  • Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy represents a complex cardiovascular condition with a varied natural history.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate AHC's epidemiology and long-term outcomes.
  • Recognizing AHC's potential contribution to sudden cardiac death is crucial for clinical practice and patient management.

Keywords:
Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathySudden cardiac death

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