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Related Experiment Videos

Semantic processing in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

M Albert1, W Milberg

  • 1Department of Psychiatry Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114.

Brain and Language
|July 1, 1989
PubMed
Summary

Alzheimer's disease patients show varied responses in a word recognition task. Despite differences, Alzheimer patients remain sensitive to semantic relationships between words.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Linguistics

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disorder impacting cognitive functions.
  • Semantic processing is crucial for language comprehension and is often affected in dementia.
  • Lexical decision tasks assess word recognition and semantic priming.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate semantic processing in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
  • To compare the performance of Alzheimer's patients with normal controls on a semantic facilitation task.
  • To explore the heterogeneity of cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease.

Main Methods:

  • A lexical decision task with a semantic facilitation paradigm was administered.
  • Participants included ten patients diagnosed with dementia of the Alzheimer type and ten healthy controls.
  • Performance was measured by reaction times in identifying words.

Main Results:

  • Alzheimer's patients exhibited different performance patterns compared to normal controls.
  • A subgroup of Alzheimer's patients (6/10) showed semantic priming effects (related primes faster).
  • Another subgroup (4/10) showed reversed priming effects (unrelated primes faster).
  • Despite subgroup variations, all Alzheimer's patients demonstrated sensitivity to semantic relationships between words.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with Alzheimer's disease exhibit variability in semantic priming.
  • Cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease may manifest differently across individuals.
  • Alzheimer's disease patients retain some sensitivity to semantic word relationships, indicating preserved, albeit potentially altered, language processing.

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