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Generating Transposon Insertion Libraries in Gram-Negative Bacteria for High-Throughput Sequencing
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Molecular mechanisms of polymyxin resistance: knowns and unknowns

Sophie Baron1, Linda Hadjadj1, Jean-Marc Rolain1

  • 1Unité de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et tropicales émergentes (URMITE), CNRS-IRD UMR 6236, Méditerranée Infection, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents
|August 16, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Colistin (polymyxin E) resistance is rising in Gram-negative bacteria. This review updates knowledge on colistin resistance mechanisms, including the new mcr-1 gene.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Colistin (polymyxin E) is a critical last-line antibiotic for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacterial infections.
  • Rising colistin resistance necessitates updated understanding of resistance mechanisms.
  • The emergence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance, exemplified by mcr-1, is a significant global health concern.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated review of colistin resistance mechanisms.
  • To highlight recent discoveries in polymyxin resistance since 2014.
  • To identify unresolved questions in the field of colistin resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of published studies on colistin resistance.
  • Analysis of recent discoveries, including novel resistance genes and mechanisms.
  • Synthesis of existing knowledge and identification of research gaps.

Main Results:

  • Colistin resistance mechanisms are diverse and evolving.
  • The plasmid-mediated colistin resistance gene mcr-1 has rapidly spread globally.
  • Significant advancements have been made in understanding polymyxin resistance pathways.

Conclusions:

  • Continuous monitoring and research into colistin resistance mechanisms are essential.
  • Understanding emerging resistance is crucial for preserving colistin's efficacy.
  • Further research is needed to address unresolved questions regarding colistin resistance.
Keywords:
Antibiotic resistanceColistinLipid A modificationPolymyxin Bmcr-1

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