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[Growth patterns of appropriate for gestational age infants of gestational diabetic mothers during the first year]

Y L Zhao1, R M Ma, Y Zhang

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China.

Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi
|August 16, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) showed slower early growth but accelerated later growth. This suggests the intrauterine hyperglycemic environment impacts fetal development even after birth.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Endocrinology
  • Neonatology

Background:

  • Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects maternal and fetal health.
  • Understanding infant growth patterns in GDM pregnancies is crucial for long-term outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the growth trajectory of appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants born to mothers with GDM.
  • To compare the growth patterns of AGA infants from GDM pregnancies versus those from normal glucose tolerance pregnancies.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study comparing 70 AGA infants of mothers with GDM to 154 AGA infants of mothers with normal glucose tolerance.
  • Infant anthropometric measurements (weight, length, BMI) and growth rates were assessed at 3, 6, and 12 months of age.

Main Results:

  • Male AGA infants in the GDM group exhibited reduced weight, length, and BMI at 3 and 6 months compared to controls.
  • Statistically significant lower weight and height gain was observed between 3-6 months in the GDM group.
  • While weight and height gain were higher in the 6-12 month period for the GDM group, differences were not statistically significant.

Conclusions:

  • Male infants of mothers with GDM experience a period of slower growth in early infancy (0-6 months).
  • Growth rates accelerated in later infancy, indicating a potential persistent effect of the intrauterine hyperglycemic environment.
  • These findings highlight the long-term influence of maternal GDM on infant development.
Abstract

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