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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Fabrication of Pulsatile Polymeric Microparticles Encapsulating Rabies Antigen
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Rabies vaccination in dogs using a dissolving microneedle patch.

Jaya M Arya1, Kristopher Dewitt2, Maya Scott-Garrard2

  • 1School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA.

Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society
|August 16, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dissolving microneedle patches offer a safe and effective way to vaccinate dogs against rabies. This innovative approach could improve mass vaccination efforts in developing countries.

Keywords:
DNA vaccineIntradermal skin vaccinationMicroneedle patchRabies vaccineTransdermal drug deliveryVeterinary vaccination of dogs

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Immunology
  • Biotechnology

Background:

  • Human rabies is primarily transmitted through dog bites, with thousands of deaths annually in developing countries due to challenges in dog population control and vaccination.
  • Existing vaccination strategies face financial and logistical hurdles in resource-limited settings.
  • There is a need for simpler, more cost-effective vaccine delivery methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a rabies DNA vaccine delivered via dissolving microneedle patches in dogs.
  • To assess the feasibility of microneedle patches as a novel approach for mass dog vaccination.

Main Methods:

  • A rabies DNA vaccine was formulated into dissolving microneedle patches.
  • The stability of the vaccine in patches was assessed during storage.
  • Patches were applied to the inner ear of dogs, and safety was evaluated by monitoring skin reactions and systemic adverse events.
  • Immunogenicity was determined by measuring serum neutralizing antibody titers and comparing them to intramuscular vaccination.

Main Results:

  • The microneedle patches were stable for at least 3 weeks at 4°C.
  • Patch application resulted in mild, transient skin reactions with no systemic adverse events.
  • Microneedle patch vaccination demonstrated immunogenicity comparable to intramuscular injection at the same dose.
  • A lower dose delivered via microneedle patch elicited a weaker immune response.

Conclusions:

  • Dissolving microneedle patches are safe and well-tolerated in dogs.
  • Microneedle patch vaccination is a viable alternative to traditional methods, showing comparable immunogenicity to intramuscular injections.
  • This technology presents a promising, innovative strategy for mass rabies vaccination in canine populations, potentially overcoming existing challenges in developing countries.