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High plasma leptin levels are associated with impaired diastolic function in patients with coronary artery disease

V P Puurunen1, E S Lepojärvi1, O P Piira1

  • 1Research Unit of Internal Medicine, Medical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.

Peptides
|August 16, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Elevated leptin levels in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients are linked to impaired left ventricular diastolic function. This finding, independent of obesity, suggests leptin

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Obesity Research

Background:

  • Obesity is linked to elevated leptin levels, a known risk factor for cardiovascular events.
  • Leptin exerts direct cellular effects on various tissues, including the heart.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between leptin levels and cardiac structure or function in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 1,601 CAD patients, including 42% with type 2 diabetes mellitus, was studied.
  • Plasma leptin levels were measured in a fasted state, and echocardiography was performed.
  • Statistical analyses examined correlations between leptin levels and cardiac parameters, adjusting for confounding variables.

Main Results:

  • Higher leptin levels were associated with elevated E/E' ratio (p=0.018) and a decreasing E/A ratio (p=0.037), indicating impaired diastolic function.
  • Leptin levels showed no significant relationship with left ventricular (LV) dimensions or LV ejection fraction.
  • These associations remained significant even after accounting for obesity and other confounding factors.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated plasma leptin levels are independently associated with impaired left ventricular diastolic function in CAD patients.
  • Leptin may represent a key mechanistic link contributing to the development of congestive heart failure in obese individuals.
Abstract

Keywords:
Coronary artery diseaseDiastolic functionHeart failureLeptinObesity

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