Management of Innominate Vein Rupture During Superior Vena Cava Angioplasty

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular Interventions
• Vascular Surgery
• Interventional Radiology

Background:

• Central venous stenosis (CVS) can necessitate interventions like percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA).
• Vessel perforation is a rare but severe complication during PTA of central veins.
• Pericardial tamponade can rapidly lead to fatality if associated with vessel perforation.

Observation:

• This case report details an experience with inadvertent vessel perforation during PTA for CVS.
• Clinical findings associated with vessel perforation during the intervention were observed.
• Anesthetic management strategies for resulting pericardial tamponade were employed.

Findings:

• The report highlights risk factors contributing to central venous stenosis.
• Pathogenesis of central venous stenosis is discussed.
• The clinical presentation and management of vessel perforation with pericardial tamponade are detailed.

Implications:

• Understanding risk factors and pathogenesis can help prevent central venous stenosis.
• Prompt recognition of clinical findings is crucial for managing vessel perforation.
• Effective anesthetic strategies are vital for treating pericardial tamponade following PTA.