Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 16, 2026
05:12
Transoral Endoscopic Thyroidectomy Vestibular Approach for Thyroid Lobectomy
Published on: May 12, 2023
5.2K
[COEXISTENCE OF ORBITAL VARICOSE VEIN AND THYROID ORBITOPATHY]
Harefuah
|August 17, 2016
Summary
Thyroid orbitopathy can cause asymmetric exophthalmos. Orbital varicose veins may be the cause, detectable with orbital CT scans during atypical progression.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Vascular Surgery
Background:
- Thyroid orbitopathy is an autoimmune condition affecting the eye socket.
- Asymmetric proptosis is an uncommon presentation of thyroid orbitopathy.
Observation:
- A 55-year-old patient with thyroid orbitopathy presented with asymmetric proptosis over four years.
- Imaging revealed superior ophthalmic vein dilation and orbital fat in the more proptotic eye.
Findings:
- Computerized tomography (CT) and color Doppler imaging confirmed superior ophthalmic vein dilation during Valsalva maneuver.
- This suggested an orbital varicose vein as the cause of asymmetric exophthalmos.
Implications:
- Orbital varicose veins should be considered in thyroid orbitopathy patients with atypical exophthalmos progression.
- Repeated orbital CT scans are recommended to diagnose concurrent orbital disorders.
- Early diagnosis of orbital varicose veins can guide appropriate management and prevent complications.
Related Concept Videos
01:23The Thyroid Gland
8.4K
The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
8.4K
01:19Veins of Head and Neck
6.6K
The blood drainage from the head and neck is primarily managed by three pairs of veins: the external jugular, internal jugular, and vertebral veins. The external jugular veins drain superficial scalp and face structures, passing over the sternocleidomastoid muscles to empty into the subclavian veins.
On the other hand, the vertebral veins, unlike their arterial counterparts, are not primarily responsible for brain drainage. Instead, they drain the cervical vertebrae, spinal cord, and some small...
On the other hand, the vertebral veins, unlike their arterial counterparts, are not primarily responsible for brain drainage. Instead, they drain the cervical vertebrae, spinal cord, and some small...
6.6K
01:26Varicose Veins II: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care
280
Varicose veins, or varicosities, develop when the valves in the veins, which control blood flow, weaken or damage. It causes blood to pool and the veins to enlarge. Understanding the clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and management options for varicose veins is crucial for effective treatment and relief.Clinical manifestationsClinical manifestations of varicose veins include a heavy, achy feeling or pain after prolonged standing or sitting. This discomfort can often be relieved by...
280
01:25Glaucoma: Overview
1.6K
Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
1.6K
01:28Esophageal Varices-II: Clinical Features and Management
730
Esophageal varices often manifest as gastrointestinal bleeding episodes, presenting symptoms like hematemesis (vomiting of blood), hematochezia (passing fresh blood via the rectum), and melena (black, tarry stools). Other signs can include weight loss, anorexia, abdominal discomfort, jaundice, pruritus, altered mental status, and muscle cramps.
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol...
In the initial assessment, a thorough review of the patient's medical history is vital to identify risk factors such as liver disease, alcohol...
730
01:20Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones
8.7K
Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
8.7K