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The Development of Inequity Aversion.

Alex Shaw1, Shoham Choshen-Hillel2, Eugene M Caruso3

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Summary

Children’s aversion to unfairness develops with age, but their acceptance of self-disadvantageous (fair) inequity increases earlier. This challenges unified theories of inequity aversion development.

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fairnessgenerosityinequity aversionopen dataopen materialspartialitysocial cognitive development

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Social Cognition
  • Behavioral Economics

Background:

  • Traditional views posit a uniform increase in inequity aversion with age.
  • This study questions whether children's concern with inequity is a single, developing trait.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the developmental trajectory of inequity aversion in children.
  • To determine if fairness perceptions influence children's responses to inequity.
  • To challenge existing models of age-related changes in inequity aversion.

Main Methods:

  • Three studies were conducted with 501 children aged 4–8 years.
  • Participants' responses to self-disadvantageous (fair) and advantageous/third-party (unfair) inequity were assessed.
  • Developmental comparisons between younger (4–6 years) and older (7–8 years) children were made.

Main Results:

  • Older children (7–8 years) were more likely than younger children (4–6 years) to create self-disadvantageous inequity.
  • No age differences were found in endorsing advantageous inequity.
  • No age differences were observed in responses to third-party inequity.

Conclusions:

  • Children's aversion to unfair inequity develops later than their acceptance of fair inequity.
  • Developmental changes in inequity aversion are not uniform but depend on the perceived fairness of the situation.
  • Findings refine understanding of children's evolving concerns with fairness, generosity, and partiality.