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Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

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In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion01:26

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Excretion

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In pediatric medicine, understanding the renal function and drug elimination nuances is crucial for administering safe and effective treatments. Newborns, in particular, display markedly slower renal functions than adults, profoundly affecting how drugs are cleared from their bodies. This slower drug clearance requires clinicians to extend the dosing intervals for many medications to prevent drug accumulation and toxicity while ensuring therapeutic efficacy.One key area where these adjustments...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

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Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
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Drug Dosing: Infants and Children01:29

Drug Dosing: Infants and Children

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Pediatric patient dosages diverge from adults due to disparities in body surface area, total body water, and extracellular fluid per kilogram of body weight. The dosing regimen considers the variations in pharmacokinetics and pharmacology across distinct age groups, encompassing preterm newborns, infants, young children, older children, and adolescents. Calculation of pediatric patient doses is predicated on determining body surface area, which exhibits a superior correlation with the child's...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution01:17

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

419
Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight,...
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Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

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The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
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Clinical Application of Intense Pulsed Light Therapy and Radio Frequency for Treatment of Ocular Surface Diseases
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Pediatric rosacea.

Roselyn Kellen1, Nanette B Silverberg2

  • 1Department of Dermatology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, New York, USA.

Cutis
|August 17, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pediatric rosacea presents unique diagnostic challenges, requiring exclusion of other conditions. Early recognition and management are crucial as symptoms can persist into adulthood.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Rosacea is rare in children, necessitating differential diagnosis from other papulopustular disorders.
  • Pediatric rosacea can manifest with vascular, papulopustular, or ocular findings.
  • Ocular symptoms may precede skin manifestations, complicating diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the presentation, diagnosis, and management of pediatric rosacea.
  • To highlight the importance of considering rosacea in children with facial rashes and ocular symptoms.

Main Methods:

  • Clinical diagnosis based on characteristic findings.
  • Histopathologic examination reveals specific dermal changes.
  • Review of existing literature on pediatric rosacea.

Main Results:

  • Histopathology shows dilated vessels, perivascular infiltrates, and dermal connective tissue changes.
  • Treatment focuses on trigger avoidance and topical/systemic therapies.
  • Pediatric rosacea frequently has a chronic course, extending into adulthood.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis of pediatric rosacea requires careful evaluation to exclude other conditions.
  • Timely intervention can manage flares, but long-term persistence is common.
  • Ocular involvement warrants specific attention due to potential for early onset.