[DEPOSED, BUT NOT WON]

Early unreported facts of the phthisiatric service's history and the activity of the first People's Commissar of Public Health N. A. Semashko have been established on the basis of historical records kept at the State Archives of Russia. The discovered new events have given objective grounds to interpret differently the events occurring in the activities of Russian phthisiology in the late 1920s to the early 1930s. In the early days of dramatic constructions of the first five-year plan, the country had medical staff scarcity. The higher leadership of the country hoped to tackle the problem, by delivering a medical aid primarily to the representatives of workers and peasants and reorganizing medical institutions after the type of dispensaries. N. A. Semashko did not approve revolutionary innovations in medicine and was relieved of his post as the People's Commissar of Public Health.