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Within-subject analysis of a prevention strategy for problem behavior.

Tara A Fahmie1, Brian A Iwata2, Sarah C Mead2

  • 1California State University, Northridge.

Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis
|August 18, 2016
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Summary

This study introduces sensitivity tests to identify triggers for problem behavior. Interventions based on differential reinforcement successfully prevented problem behavior escalation in a case study.

Keywords:
differential reinforcementfunctional analysispreventionproblem behaviorsingle-subject design

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Science
  • Applied Behavior Analysis
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Extensive research exists on maintaining factors and interventions for problem behavior.
  • Limited research has focused on preventing the initial development of problem behavior.
  • Functional analysis methodology has identified common contingencies but lacks preventative strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To illustrate the use of sensitivity tests as a basis for intervention.
  • To assess the efficacy of a prevention strategy using a single-subject design.
  • To explore individualized approaches to preventing problem behavior.

Main Methods:

  • A two-part case study was conducted.
  • Study 1 utilized sensitivity tests to identify potential establishing operations.
  • Study 2 employed a single-subject design to evaluate a prevention strategy based on differential reinforcement.

Main Results:

  • Sensitivity tests successfully identified establishing operations that may precipitate problem behavior.
  • Differential reinforcement interventions prevented increases in problem behavior severity compared to control baselines.
  • The individualized prevention approach demonstrated effectiveness in a case study.

Conclusions:

  • Sensitivity tests can inform the development of preventative interventions for problem behavior.
  • Differential reinforcement is a viable strategy for preventing the escalation of problem behavior.
  • Individualized prevention strategies offer benefits and have specific limitations that warrant consideration.