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    Researchers generated perfect polarization vortices (PPVs) using liquid-crystal displays and Fourier transformation of Bessel-Gaussian (BG) beams. The generated PPV diameter depends on the lens focal length and holographic axicon period.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Laser Physics
    • Material Science

    Background:

    • Perfect polarization vortices (PPVs) are vector beams characterized by identical diameters.
    • Existing methods for generating PPVs can be complex.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a novel method for generating PPVs.
    • To investigate the factors influencing the diameter of the generated PPVs.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized phase-only liquid-crystal spatial light modulators (SLMs) for beam generation.
    • Employed Fourier transformation of high-order Bessel-Gaussian (BG) beams.
    • Encoded holographic axicons and spiral phase plates on SLMs to create BG beams, which were then transformed into PPVs using another SLM and a convex lens.

    Main Results:

    • Successfully generated PPVs using the proposed SLM-based approach.
    • Determined that the PPV diameter is influenced by the focal length of the convex lens and the period of the holographic axicon.
    • Observed minimal influence of polarization order on the PPV diameter.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed method provides an effective way to generate PPVs.
    • The findings offer insights into controlling PPV characteristics for potential applications.