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Related Concept Videos

Obesity01:24

Obesity

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The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
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Drug Dosing: Obese Patients01:21

Drug Dosing: Obese Patients

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In the United States, obesity is a prominent concern. It is linked to heightened mortality rates due to increased occurrences of conditions such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and diabetes compared to nonobese individuals. A patient is classified as obese if their actual body weight surpasses the ideal or desirable body weight by 20%, based on Metropolitan Life Insurance Company data. Ideal body weights consider average weights and heights for males and females...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution01:25

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Absorption and Distribution

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Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
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Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle01:28

Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle

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The clinical conditions affecting the skeletal muscle tissue are broadly categorized as musculoskeletal and neuromuscular disorders.
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
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Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion01:20

Pharmacokinetics in Obese Patients: Drug Metabolism and Excretion

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Drug metabolism, a critical process in the liver, involves two primary phases: Phase I reactions and Phase II conjugation. Obesity introduces significant alterations in this metabolic process, primarily due to fatty infiltration of the liver, leading to conditions such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This condition can modify the activities of both Phase I and II enzymes, impacting how drugs are metabolized in obese patients.Phase I metabolism sees variable effects across...
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The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

The Effect of Aging on Tissues

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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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Author Spotlight: Integrating Mechanical and Biological Analysis in Tendinopathy Research
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How Obesity Affects Tendons?

Michele Abate1, Vincenzo Salini2, Isabel Andia3

  • 1Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University G. d'Annunzio, Via dei Vestini 31, Chieti-Pescara, 66013, Chieti Scalo (CH), Italy. m.abate@unich.it.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|August 19, 2016
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Obesity harms tendons through increased load and systemic inflammation. Metabolic issues and advanced glycation end-products further damage tendon collagen, necessitating personalized exercise and regular checks.

Keywords:
Metabolic disordersObesityTendonTherapeutic exercise

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Science
  • Orthopedics
  • Metabolic Research

Background:

  • Obesity is linked to detrimental tendon effects.
  • Tendon damage results from multifactorial causes including overload and systemic factors.
  • Adipocyte-released peptides negatively impact tendon mesenchymal cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the multifactorial pathogenesis of obesity-induced tendon damage.
  • To elucidate the role of systemic factors and metabolic disorders in tendon pathology.
  • To highlight the risks of physical activity on tendons in obese individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological and clinical observations.
  • Analysis of the impact of bioactive peptides from adipocytes.
  • Examination of metabolic disorders like diabetes and dyslipidemia.
  • Investigation of Advanced Glycation End-products (AGEs) formation.

Main Results:

  • Increased body weight causes overload on load-bearing tendons.
  • Chronic low-grade inflammation from systemic factors damages tendon structure.
  • High glucose levels lead to AGEs, altering collagen cross-links and function.
  • Intense sport activities can be detrimental due to acute or chronic overload.

Conclusions:

  • Obesity poses significant risks to tendon health via mechanical and systemic pathways.
  • Metabolic dysregulation, particularly hyperglycemia, exacerbates tendon damage.
  • Careful management of physical activity, including personalized training and regular tendon check-ups, is crucial for individuals with obesity.