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Hospital admission among HIV-exposed uninfected children compared with HIV-unexposed children

Ellen Moseholm1, Marie Helleberg, Sannie B Nordly

  • 1aDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre bDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet cDepartment of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Hvidovre dDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby eDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Aalborg University Hospital fDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Odense University Hospital gDepartment of Pulmonary and Infectious Diseases, Copenhagen University Hospital, Nordsjælland, Denmark.

AIDS (London, England)
|August 19, 2016
PubMed

Insights

HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children show a higher risk of hospital admissions, primarily for observation/nonspecific diagnoses, not infectious diseases. This increased admission risk may stem from monitoring and testing rather than direct HIV-related illness.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Children born to mothers with HIV (HIV-exposed uninfected - HEU) may face unique health challenges.
  • Understanding health outcomes in HEU children is crucial for targeted interventions and care.
  • Previous studies suggest potential differences in health outcomes for HEU populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the risk of hospital admissions and antibiotic use in HEU children.
  • To compare these outcomes in HEU children against a matched cohort of HIV-unexposed children.
  • To analyze specific reasons for hospital admissions in HEU children up to four years of age.

Main Methods:

  • A nationwide register-based cohort study design was employed.
  • HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children born in Denmark (2000-2012) were matched with HIV-unexposed controls.
  • Poisson regression analysis was used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for hospital admissions and antibiotic use.

Main Results:

  • HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children exhibited a threefold increased risk of overall hospital admissions (IRR 3.49).
  • No significant difference was observed in admissions due to infectious diseases (IRR 1.11) or antibiotic use (IRR 0.88).
  • The excess admissions were predominantly linked to observation/nonspecific diagnoses (IRR 6.06).

Conclusions:

  • HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) children face an elevated risk of overall hospital admission, mainly for observation/nonspecific diagnoses.
  • The study found no increased risk of admissions for infectious diseases or higher antibiotic use in HEU children.
  • The heightened admission risk in HEU children may be associated with prophylactic treatments and HIV testing protocols, not direct HIV-related health issues.
Abstract

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