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Laboratory Techniques Used to Maintain and Differentiate Biotypes of Vibrio cholerae Clinical and Environmental Isolates
Published on: May 30, 2017
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Molecular evolution and functional divergence of Vibrio cholerae
Bhabatosh Das1, Gururaja P Pazhani, Anirban Sarkar
1aTranslational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad bNational Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research cNational Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, West Bengal dSouth East Asia Regional Office, World Health Organization, New Delhi, India.
Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases
|August 19, 2016
Summary
Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae undergoes subtle genetic shifts, enhancing virulence and survival. These ongoing molecular changes help the pathogen adapt during cholera outbreaks.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Genetics
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Cholera remains a significant global public health concern.
- Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae is the causative agent of cholera.
- Understanding bacterial evolution is crucial for disease control.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent genetic alterations in toxigenic Vibrio cholerae.
- To focus on changes related to virulence, mobile genetic elements, and toxin-antitoxin systems.
- To exclude whole genome sequencing and epidemiology from the scope.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of published research on Vibrio cholerae genetics.
- Analysis of studies focusing on virulence factors, mobile genetic elements, and toxin-antitoxin systems.
- Synthesis of findings on molecular adaptations in Vibrio cholerae.
Main Results:
- Vibrio cholerae exhibits genetic selection for increased virulence, environmental survival, and antimicrobial resistance.
- Key genetic modifications include changes in the CTXФ genome, cholera toxin B-subunit, and toxin-antitoxin systems.
- The bacterium undergoes dynamic genetic changes, aiding adaptation during and after cholera epidemics.
Conclusions:
- Subtle genetic changes are critical for Vibrio cholerae's adaptability and virulence.
- Continued research into bacterial genetics is essential for combating cholera.
- Understanding these dynamics aids in developing effective treatments and preventing disease transmission.
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