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Contact Lens-Related Corneal Infections - United States, 2005-2015.

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    Contact lens wear is a significant risk factor for serious eye infections like keratitis. Many contact lens wearers engage in risky behaviors, highlighting the need for better education on preventing these infections.

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    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Public Health
    • Medical Device Regulation

    Background:

    • Keratitis, or corneal inflammation, affects approximately 1 million individuals annually, incurring substantial healthcare costs.
    • Contact lens wear is a prevalent risk factor for microbial keratitis, with a high percentage of wearers exhibiting at-risk behaviors.
    • The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates contact lenses as medical devices and collects adverse event data.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze contact lens-related corneal infection reports submitted to the FDA's Medical Device Report (MDR) database.
    • To identify trends and risk factors associated with contact lens-related keratitis and corneal ulcers.
    • To assess the severity of outcomes in reported cases of contact lens-related corneal infections.

    Main Methods:

    • A retrospective analysis of 1,075 contact lens-related MDRs containing "ulcer" or "keratitis" from 2005-2015.
    • Categorization of reports based on reporting source (manufacturer vs. eye care provider/patient).
    • Identification of modifiable risk factors and patient outcomes, such as visual acuity decrease or corneal transplant.

    Main Results:

    • The majority of reports (86.0%) originated from contact lens manufacturers.
    • Nearly 20% of cases resulted in severe outcomes, including central corneal scarring, decreased visual acuity, or the need for corneal transplantation.
    • Approximately 25.1% of reports identified modifiable risk factors like sleeping in lenses or poor hygiene.

    Conclusions:

    • Contact lens-related corneal infections pose a significant threat, with a notable proportion leading to severe visual impairment.
    • Modifiable risk factors, such as improper lens hygiene and overnight wear, are frequently implicated.
    • Enhanced patient education on safe contact lens practices is crucial for preventing these sight-threatening infections.