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Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
Published on: August 30, 2018
Antimicrobial stewardship in paediatrics
Nicola Principi1, Susanna Esposito2
1Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Pediatric Highly Intensive Care Unit, Università degli Studi di Milano, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Commenda 9, Milan, 20122, Italy.
Antimicrobial stewardship (AS) programs in children are crucial for reducing unnecessary antibiotic use and preventing resistance. Implementing these programs effectively requires addressing challenges like education, team collaboration, and financial support to improve pediatric healthcare outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric infectious diseases
- Public health
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Antibiotics are frequently prescribed to children, often unnecessarily.
- Antibiotic misuse leads to adverse events, resistance, and microbiota disruption.
- Paediatric antimicrobial stewardship (AS) programs aim to optimize antibiotic use.
Purpose of the Study:
- Discuss principles and strategies for paediatric AS programs.
- Analyze the effects of AS interventions.
- Identify barriers to AS program development and implementation.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature and guidelines on paediatric AS.
- Discussion of challenges in implementing AS programs in paediatric settings.
- Analysis of the impact of AS on antimicrobial use and resistance.
Main Results:
- AS strategies significantly reduce antimicrobial use in paediatric patients.
- Successful AS implementation improves care quality and prevents resistance.
- Challenges include pediatrician education, multidisciplinary team formation, and funding.
Conclusions:
- Developing multidisciplinary paediatric AS programs is essential.
- Addressing implementation barriers is critical for success.
- Further research is needed to optimize paediatric AS programs.
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