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Risk factors for invasive pasteurellosis: a retrospective case study
Summary
Invasive pasteurellosis, a zoonotic disease from pets, poses significant risks, especially for older individuals with chronic liver disease. Advanced age is the primary risk factor for severe outcomes and mortality.
Area of Science:
- Veterinary Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Pasteurellosis is a common zoonotic infection, frequently transmitted by domestic animals like cats and dogs.
- Invasive forms of pasteurellosis are linked to severe illness and increased mortality rates.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify risk factors (RFs) associated with invasive pasteurellosis.
- To analyze the clinical presentation and outcomes of invasive versus local pasteurellosis.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study including 102 patients with positive Pasteurella samples.
- Evaluation of 13 potential risk factors, including demographics and comorbidities.
- Classification of cases into invasive or local pasteurellosis.
Main Results:
- 27% of patients presented with invasive pasteurellosis, with an 11% mortality rate.
- Statistically significant risk factors for invasive disease included advanced age (average 63 vs 51 years), alcohol consumption (77.8% vs 25%), tobacco use (64% vs 25%), and chronic liver disease (21% vs 1.5%).
- Multivariate analysis identified advanced age as the sole significant independent risk factor.
Conclusions:
- Advanced age and chronic liver disease are key risk factors for invasive pasteurellosis.
- Healthcare providers should consider these risk factors in patients exposed to cats or dogs, particularly those with compromised health statuses.
