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A Quantitative Measurement of Reactive Oxygen Species and Senescence-associated Secretory Phenotype in Normal Human Fibroblasts During Oncogene-induced Senescence
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CaM/BAG5/Hsc70 signaling complex dynamically regulates leaf senescence.

Luhua Li1,2, Yangfei Xing1,2, Dong Chang1,2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The plant protein AtBAG5 links calcium signaling and chaperone systems to regulate leaf senescence. Its interaction with calmodulin and Hsc70 influences programmed cell death and plant aging.

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Area of Science:

  • Plant molecular biology
  • Calcium signaling
  • Protein-protein interactions

Background:

  • Calcium signaling is crucial for plant cell physiology.
  • Chaperone-mediated protein folding regulates programmed cell death.
  • AtBAG5 is a unique protein linking calcium and chaperone systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the structural and functional roles of AtBAG5 in plant senescence.
  • To investigate the interaction of AtBAG5 with Ca(2+)-free Calmodulin (CaM) and Hsc70 (Heat shock cognate protein 70).

Main Methods:

  • X-ray crystallography to determine AtBAG5 structures.
  • Biochemical assays to study protein binding.
  • In vivo studies using Arabidopsis thaliana to assess AtBAG5 function and localization.

Main Results:

  • Crystal structures of AtBAG5 alone and with Ca(2+)-free CaM were determined.
  • Ca(2+)-free CaM and Hsc70 bind AtBAG5 independently; Ca(2+)-saturated CaM and Hsc70 bind with negative cooperativity.
  • AtBAG5 localizes to mitochondria; its overexpression induces leaf senescence symptoms like chlorophyll loss and ROS production.
  • Mutants affecting the CaM/AtBAG5/Hsc70 complex formation exhibit altered leaf senescence phenotypes.

Conclusions:

  • The CaM/AtBAG5/Hsc70 signaling complex is a key regulator of plant senescence.
  • AtBAG5 acts as a molecular hub integrating calcium signaling and chaperone activity.
  • Understanding this complex provides insights into programmed cell death and aging in plants.