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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biomimetics
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Biomimetic designs are crucial for future structural materials, but fabricating bulk versions under ambient conditions is challenging.
  • Natural nacre, found in mollusk shells, offers a model for high-performance composite materials due to its hierarchical structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a facile method for fabricating bulk synthetic nacre.
  • To mimic the chemical composition and hierarchical structure of natural nacre.
  • To create a robust composite material with enhanced mechanical properties.

Main Methods:

  • A mesoscale "assembly-and-mineralization" approach inspired by mollusk biomineralization processes.
  • Fabrication of millimeter-thick synthetic nacre with alternating organic and aragonite platelet layers.
  • Matrix-directed mineralization for controlled hierarchical ordering.

Main Results:

  • Successfully fabricated bulk synthetic nacre with 91 weight percent aragonite.
  • The synthetic nacre closely resembles natural nacre in chemical composition and hierarchical structure.
  • The material demonstrated good ultimate strength and fracture toughness.

Conclusions:

  • The "assembly-and-mineralization" approach provides a rational strategy for preparing robust, hierarchically ordered composite materials.
  • This method is adaptable for various constituents, including brittle and heat-labile materials.
  • Facile fabrication of bulk biomimetic materials under ambient conditions is now achievable.