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Disseminated intravascular coagulation in paediatrics

Revathi Rajagopal1, Jecko Thachil2, Paul Monagle3,4,5

  • 1Paediatric Haemato-Oncology, Department of Paediatrics, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Archives of Disease in Childhood
|August 20, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) presents unique challenges due to age-related differences in hemostasis. This review clarifies DIC

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Hematology
  • Hemostasis and Thrombosis

Background:

  • Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in children leads to severe illness and death.
  • Adult DIC research is more advanced than pediatric studies, despite crucial differences in early-life hemostasis.
  • Delayed diagnosis of pediatric DIC is common due to the evolving nature of the hemostatic system in children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the causes, mechanisms, and symptoms of pediatric DIC.
  • To outline diagnostic methods for DIC in children.
  • To provide a management algorithm for pediatricians treating DIC.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on pediatric DIC.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on DIC pathophysiology and clinical presentation.
  • Development of a practical management guideline.

Main Results:

  • DIC in children has distinct etiologies and pathophysiology compared to adults.
  • Early recognition and diagnosis are critical but challenging.
  • A structured approach to diagnosis and management is essential.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the unique aspects of pediatric hemostasis is key to managing DIC.
  • Prompt diagnosis and appropriate management algorithms can improve outcomes.
  • This review offers guidance for clinicians facing pediatric DIC.

Keywords:
DiagnosisDisseminated intravascular coagulationManagementPaediatrics

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