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Related Concept Videos

Dosage Regimen: Fixed Dose01:01

Dosage Regimen: Fixed Dose

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Fixed-dose regimens are a common approach to administer drugs to achieve and maintain desired levels of the drug in the body. In this dosing strategy, a specific amount of medication is given at regular intervals, often multiple times a day, to ensure a consistent drug concentration in the bloodstream.
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Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment01:08

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment

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Hepatic impairment, characterized by decreased liver function, does not uniformly mandate adjustments in drug dosage. Whether dosage modifications are necessary depends on various factors related to the drug's metabolism and elimination pathways. If a drug is primarily excreted via the kidneys and bypasses significant hepatic processing, if it undergoes minimal metabolic transformation in the liver, or if it is volatile and primarily expelled through the lungs, dose adjustments may not be...
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Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Food and Drug–Viral Interactions01:26

Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Food and Drug–Viral Interactions

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A drug interaction occurs when the concurrent use of another drug, food, or an external substance alters the pharmacological activity of a drug. This interaction can modify the action of the original drug, affecting its effectiveness and safety.Drug–food interactions are significant as they impact drug absorption, metabolism, and excretion. For example, grapefruit juice is a well-known disruptor of drug metabolism. It inhibits the cytochrome P450 3A4 enzyme, crucial for the metabolism of...
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Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder01:26

Diseases of the Liver and Gallbladder

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Liver and gallbladder diseases are a significant health concern, with prominent conditions including cirrhosis, hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and gallstones. Jaundice is a common manifestation of liver and biliary disease.
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Retroviruses02:33

Retroviruses

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Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
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Hepatic Drug Excretion: Enterohepatic Cycling01:17

Hepatic Drug Excretion: Enterohepatic Cycling

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Enterohepatic cycling involves the active secretion of drugs and their metabolites into the bile via transporters in the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes. This secretion is an integral part of the digestive process, releasing these substances into the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
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Rapid Screening of HIV Reverse Transcriptase and Integrase Inhibitors
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Grazoprevir/elbasvir fixed-dose combination for hepatitis C.

N Gamal1, P Andreone2

  • 1Department of Medical & Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

Drugs of Today (Barcelona, Spain : 1998)
|August 20, 2016
PubMed
Summary

New all-oral Hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatments combining grazoprevir and elbasvir offer a potent and safe option for chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients, including those with advanced kidney disease.

Keywords:
ElbasvirFixed-dose combinationGrazoprevirHepatitic C virus (HCV)NS3/NS4A – NS5A

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Virology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection affects 184 million globally, causing significant mortality.
  • Existing treatments for chronic hepatitis C (CHC) require improvement in potency, safety, and duration.
  • A need exists for novel, oral anti-HCV therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pharmacokinetics, clinical efficacy, and safety of grazoprevir/elbasvir.
  • To evaluate this fixed-dose combination for CHC treatment.
  • To assess its utility in patients with advanced kidney disease.

Main Methods:

  • Review of pharmacokinetic data.
  • Analysis of clinical trial efficacy results.
  • Assessment of safety profiles from clinical studies.

Main Results:

  • Grazoprevir/elbasvir is a potent, all-oral combination therapy.
  • The combination demonstrates a favorable safety profile.
  • It is effective even in patients with advanced kidney disease.

Conclusions:

  • Grazoprevir/elbasvir represents a significant advancement in CHC treatment.
  • This fixed-dose combination offers a safe and effective oral option.
  • It addresses the need for improved HCV therapeutics.