HYPERTHYROIDISM AND HYPERPROLACTINEMIA: IS THERE ANY ASSOCIATION?

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Reproductive Health
• Thyroid Disorders

Background:

• The relationship between thyroid dysfunction and prolactin (PRL) levels is well-established for hypothyroidism but less clear for hyperthyroidism.
• Hyperthyroidism is a common endocrine disorder affecting numerous bodily functions.
• Understanding prolactin regulation in hyperthyroidism is crucial for comprehensive patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate and compare serum prolactin levels in women with hyperthyroidism versus euthyroid controls.
• To determine the prevalence of hyperprolactinemia in hyperthyroid females.
• To explore factors influencing prolactin levels in the context of hyperthyroidism.

Main Methods:

• A cross-sectional study design was employed, comparing hyperthyroid cases (TSH ≤0.5 mIU/L) with age-matched euthyroid controls.
• A total of 231 women aged 15-50 years were enrolled.
• Serum prolactin levels were measured and analyzed, with adjustments for age and estradiol.

Main Results:

• Serum prolactin levels were significantly higher in hyperthyroid women (23.07 ng/mL) compared to controls (16.56 ng/mL).
• Hyperprolactinemia was more common in the hyperthyroid group (P<.001).
• Elevated prolactin levels were associated with hyperthyroidism and estradiol, and decreased with age, with hyperthyroidism remaining a significant independent factor after adjustment.

Conclusions:

• Hyperprolactinemia is more frequent in females with hyperthyroidism.
• Serum prolactin levels are elevated in hyperthyroid individuals.
• These findings highlight a significant interaction between thyroid status and prolactin regulation.