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Prevention of Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury: an Update

George Chalikias1, Ioannis Drosos2, Dimitrios N Tziakas3

  • 1University Cardiology Department, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Dragana, 68131, Alexandroupolis, Greece.

Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy
|August 20, 2016
PubMed

Insights

Preventing contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) involves hydration and potential pharmacologic agents like statins and N-acetylcysteine. This review summarizes evidence from meta-analyses on CI-AKI prevention strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Cardiology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) is a frequent complication following intravascular contrast media administration.
  • Procedures like coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention carry a risk of CI-AKI.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and summarize high-quality meta-analyses on preventing CI-AKI.
  • To critically appraise available data and clinical guidelines for CI-AKI prevention.

Main Methods:

  • Literature search focusing on high-quality meta-analyses.
  • Synthesis of published data on CI-AKI prevention strategies.
  • Critical clinical appraisal of evidence.

Main Results:

  • Adequate hydration is a primary preventive measure.
  • Pharmacologic agents, notably statins and N-acetylcysteine, are extensively studied for CI-AKI prevention.
  • Evidence from meta-analyses guides the selection of preventive strategies.

Conclusions:

  • Hydration remains crucial for CI-AKI prevention.
  • Statins and N-acetylcysteine show promise but require careful consideration within clinical practice.
  • Guidelines for CI-AKI prevention should incorporate the latest evidence from meta-analyses.

Keywords:
Acute kidney injuryContrast induced nephropathyContrast mediaCoronary angiographyPercutaneous coronary interventionPrevention

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