Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 16, 2026
07:13
Author Spotlight: Developing Parmodulins to Target Protease-Activated Receptors for Inflammation Control
Published on: May 24, 2024
1.0K
Rivaroxaban limits complement activation compared with warfarin in antiphospholipid syndrome patients with venous
D R J Arachchillage1, I J Mackie1, M Efthymiou1
1Department of Haematology, Haemostasis Research Unit, University College London, London, UK.
Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis : JTH
|August 20, 2016
Summary
Complement activation plays a key role in antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Rivaroxaban, a factor Xa inhibitor, reduced complement activation markers in APS patients compared to warfarin.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Hematology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Complement activation is implicated in the pathogenesis of thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome (APS).
- Coagulation proteases, like factor Xa, can activate complement proteins.
- Elevated complement activation markers are observed in APS patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate whether rivaroxaban limits complement activation compared to warfarin in APS patients with prior venous thromboembolism (VTE).
Main Methods:
- 111 APS patients with VTE were studied, with 55 switching from warfarin to rivaroxaban and 56 remaining on warfarin.
- Complement activation markers (C3a, C5a, SC5b-9, Bb fragment) were measured at baseline and day 42.
- A control group of 55 normal individuals was included.
Main Results:
- APS patients exhibited higher complement activation markers than normal controls, irrespective of anticoagulant therapy.
- Rivaroxaban treatment led to decreased levels of C3a, C5a, and SC5b-9 compared to baseline.
- No significant changes in Bb fragment levels or correlations between rivaroxaban levels and complement markers were found.
Conclusions:
- Antiphospholipid syndrome patients on warfarin show increased complement activation, potentially via the classical pathway.
- Rivaroxaban administration decreased complement activation markers in APS patients.
- Rivaroxaban may offer additional benefits beyond anticoagulation in APS by mitigating complement activation.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Venous Thrombosis III: Interprofessional Care
453
Venous thrombosis requires effective prevention and treatment strategies to improve patient outcomes and reduce potential complications.Prevention StrategiesHealthcare providers must prioritize preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE) for all adult patients upon admission. Interventions depend on bleeding and thrombosis risk, medical history, current medications, diagnoses, planned procedures, and patient preferences. Patients on bed rest should change positions every two hours and, if not...
453
01:18Anticoagulant Drugs: Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants
2.7K
Oral anticoagulants are vital tools in preventing and treating blood clotting disorders. This diverse class of medications can be categorized as vitamin K antagonists, exemplified by warfarin, and direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs), such as dabigatran, as well as factor Xa inhibitors, including rivaroxaban.
Warfarin, a prominent vitamin K antagonist family member, exerts its effect by inhibiting the enzyme VKORC1 (vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1). By hindering this enzyme, warfarin...
Warfarin, a prominent vitamin K antagonist family member, exerts its effect by inhibiting the enzyme VKORC1 (vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1). By hindering this enzyme, warfarin...
2.7K
01:30Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins
2.2K
Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
2.2K
01:20Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies
422
The key difference between Superficial Vein Thrombosis (SVT) and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) lies in their location and severity.Clinical ManifestationsSVT typically presents with localized pain, tenderness, and redness along the course of a superficial vein, often accompanied by a palpable, cord-like structure under the skin. This condition is usually less dangerous than DVT but can be uncomfortable and may lead to complications such as cellulitis or, rarely, a clot extension into the deep...
422
01:30Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction
634
Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
634
01:30Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management
356
Nursing management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's health history. Key factors include trauma to veins, peripherally inserted central catheters, varicose veins, recent pregnancy or childbirth, surgery, bacteremia, prolonged bed rest, atrial fibrillation, COPD, heart failure, cancer, coagulation disorders, myocardial infarction, spinal cord injury, stroke, prolonged travel, recent bone fractures, and dehydration. Review medication intake, particularly oral contraceptives,...
356