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Oncocardiology-Past, Present, and Future: A Review
Edward T H Yeh1, Hui-Ming Chang2
1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri, Columbia2Department of Cardiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston.
JAMA Cardiology
|August 20, 2016
Summary
Ocardiology addresses heart issues in cancer patients, driven by more survivors and new cancer treatments. Early detection and collaboration between cardiologists and oncologists are key for managing these cardiovascular complications.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Cardiology
- Cardio-oncology
Background:
- Cancer therapies increasingly cause cardiovascular complications like heart failure and arrhythmias.
- The number of cancer survivors is rising, necessitating specialized care for treatment-related cardiac issues.
- Oncocardiology integrates cardiology and oncology to manage cancer therapy's cardiovascular impact.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review historical perspectives and new discoveries in oncocardiology.
- To highlight the evolving landscape of cancer therapy-induced cardiovascular complications.
- To explore the synergy between cardiology and oncology research and practice.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on cancer therapy cardiotoxicity.
- Analysis of molecular mechanisms of cardiotoxicity (e.g., anthracyclines, trastuzumab, TKIs).
- Discussion of advancements in early detection (imaging, biomarkers) and treatment strategies.
Main Results:
- Anthracycline cardiotoxicity involves DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction.
- Trastuzumab and tyrosine kinase inhibitors present unique cardiotoxic challenges.
- Early detection using global strain and biomarkers, along with heart failure medication, can mitigate late effects.
Conclusions:
- Close collaboration between cardiologists and oncologists is crucial for managing cancer survivors.
- Mechanistic and genetic insights will advance prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiotoxicity.
- Oncocardiology is vital for improving long-term outcomes in cancer patients.
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