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Acid Suppressive Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease: Proton Pump Inhibitors01:13

Acid Suppressive Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease: Proton Pump Inhibitors

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Peptic ulcers, often induced by H. pylori infections or NSAID usage, arise from disruptions in the delicate balance of gastric acid production. Peptic ulcers stem from heightened gastric acid levels due to H. pylori infections or NSAID use. The protective mucus layer diminishes in the presence of these factors, allowing gastric acid to erode the stomach lining and form ulcers.
Gastric acid, a potent cocktail of hydrogen and chloride ions, is produced in specialized parietal cells within the...
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Acid Suppressive Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease: Histamine H2-Receptor Antagonists01:28

Acid Suppressive Drugs for Peptic Ulcer Disease: Histamine H2-Receptor Antagonists

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Histamine H2 receptors, which are intricately located on the basolateral membrane of parietal cells, play a crucial role in modulating gastric acid secretion. When released from enterochromaffin-like cells, histamine engages H2 receptors, initiating the cyclic AMP (cAMP) pathway. In this pathway, adenylyl cyclase converts ATP into cAMP, elevating intracellular cAMP levels. The activation of protein kinase A follows, stimulating the proton pump. This stimulation prompts the secretion of hydrogen...
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Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

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Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Impact of Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Models: Regulatory Decisions01:15

Impact of Pharmacokinetic–Pharmacodynamic Models: Regulatory Decisions

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PK–PD modeling has significantly influenced FDA regulatory decisions, particularly drug approval, dosage optimization, and labeling. These models integrate pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) to predict drug behavior and effects, aiding in optimizing dosing regimens and enhancing the probability of clinical trial success.One notable example is Nesiritide (Natrecor®), a recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide for treating acute decompensated congestive heart failure...
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Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

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In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...
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Peptic Ulcer Disease IV: Management01:26

Peptic Ulcer Disease IV: Management

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Medical treatment strategies for peptic ulcers encompass various methods. The primary goal of treatment is to diminish gastric acidity and strengthen mucosal defense mechanisms.
The therapeutic approach involves ensuring adequate rest, implementing drug therapy, promoting smoking cessation, making dietary modifications, and emphasizing long-term follow-up care.
Pharmacological management
The prevailing therapy for peptic ulcers involves a combination of managing the patient's current...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
11:17

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses

Published on: August 30, 2018

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Impact of a pharmacist-driven protocol to decrease proton pump inhibitor use in non-intensive care hospitalized

Jessica Michal1, Thomas Henry1, Connie Street1

  • 1CaroMont Health, Gastonia, NC.

American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy : AJHP : Official Journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists
|August 21, 2016
PubMed
Summary

A pharmacist-led protocol successfully reduced proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use in hospitalized adults outside the ICU. This intervention demonstrated a significant decrease in PPI prescriptions, improving medication management.

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Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
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Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital

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Last Updated: Mar 16, 2026

Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses
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Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital
12:08

Improving IV Insulin Administration in a Community Hospital

Published on: June 11, 2012

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Hospital Medicine
  • Clinical Pharmacy

Background:

  • Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are frequently overused in hospitalized patients.
  • Optimizing PPI use is crucial for patient safety and healthcare resource management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of a pharmacist-driven protocol in reducing PPI utilization among non-ICU hospitalized adults.
  • To assess the impact of pharmacist interventions on PPI prescribing patterns.

Main Methods:

  • A preintervention and postintervention study design was employed.
  • Pharmacists reviewed PPI appropriateness and recommended de-escalation or discontinuation.
  • Patients in general medical/surgical beds receiving PPIs were included, with specific exclusion criteria for ICU stays and predefined appropriate indications.

Main Results:

  • PPIs were discontinued in 66.0% of patients in the postintervention group versus 41.1% in the preintervention group (p = 0.001).
  • Pharmacist recommendations for PPI de-escalation were accepted in 31.9% of cases.
  • No hospital-onset Clostridium difficile infections (HO-CDI) were observed in either group.

Conclusions:

  • A pharmacist-driven protocol effectively decreased PPI use in non-ICU hospitalized adult patients.
  • This intervention shows promise for optimizing medication management and potentially reducing adverse events associated with PPIs.